가르치다

Korean

Alternative forms

ᄀᆞᄅᆞ치다 (gareuchida) — Early Modern

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᄅᆞ치〮다〮 (Yale: kòlòchítá), meaning "to point; to teach," likely because teachers historically used pointing as a method of instruction. The semantic division of this verb occurred during Middle Korean, and 가르치다 no longer carries the sense of "to point." It may also be linked to the word 가락 (garak, “a thin, long object; finger”).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ka̠ɾɯt͡ɕʰida̠]
Phonetic hangul: [가르치다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	gareuchida
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	galeuchida
McCune–Reischauer^?	karŭch'ida
Yale Romanization^?	kalu.chita

Verb

가르치다 • (gareuchida) (infinitive 가르쳐 or 가르치어, sequential 가르치니)

(transitive) to teach
Synonym: 교육하다 (gyoyukhada, “to educate”)

이 분 은 수학 을 가르치는 선생님 입니다.
i bun-eun suhag-eul gareuchineun seonsaengnim-imnida.
This person is a teacher who teaches math.
(transitive) to inform, to tell about (usually benefactive with 주다 (juda))
Synonym: 알려 주다 (allyeo juda)

주소 와 전화번호 를 가르쳐 주세요.
juso-wa jeonhwabeonho-reul gareucheo juseyo.
Could you please tell me your address and phone number?
(transitive) to send to school
(transitive, obsolete) to point
Synonym: 가리키다 (garikida)

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 가르치다 (gareuchida): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	가르친다 gareuchinda	가르쳐 gareucheo	가르쳐요, 가르치어요 gareucheoyo, gareuchieoyo	가르칩니다 gareuchimnida
Indicative	Past	가르쳤다 gareucheotda	가르쳤어 gareucheosseo	가르쳤어요 gareucheosseoyo	가르쳤습니다 gareucheotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	가르치느냐 gareuchineunya	가르쳐 gareucheo	가르쳐요, 가르치어요 gareucheoyo, gareuchieoyo	가르칩니까 gareuchimnikka
Interrogative	Past	가르쳤느냐 gareucheonneunya	가르쳤어 gareucheosseo	가르쳤어요 gareucheosseoyo	가르쳤습니까 gareucheotseumnikka
Hortative		가르치자 gareuchija	가르쳐 gareucheo	가르쳐요, 가르치어요 gareucheoyo, gareuchieoyo	가르치십시다 gareuchisipsida
Imperative		가르쳐라, 가르치어라 gareucheora, gareuchieora	가르쳐 gareucheo	가르쳐요, 가르치어요 gareucheoyo, gareuchieoyo	가르칩시오 gareuchipsio
Assertive		가르치겠다 gareuchigetda	가르치겠어 gareuchigesseo	가르치겠어요 gareuchigesseoyo	가르치겠습니다 gareuchigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		가르쳐 gareucheo	가르쳐서, 가르치어서 gareucheoseo, gareuchieoseo	가르치니 gareuchini	가르치니까 gareuchinikka
Contrast		가르치지만 gareuchijiman	가르치는데 gareuchineunde	가르치더니 gareuchideoni
Conjunction		가르치고 gareuchigo
Condition		가르치면 gareuchimyeon	가르쳐야, 가르치어야 gareucheoya, gareuchieoya
Motive		가르치려고 gareuchiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		가르침 gareuchim	가르치기 gareuchigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		가르쳤음, 가르치었음 gareucheosseum, gareuchieosseum	가르쳤기, 가르치었기 gareucheotgi, gareuchieotgi
Determiners	Past	가르친 gareuchin
	Present	가르치는 gareuchineun
	Future	가르칠 gareuchil

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	가르치신다 gareuchisinda	가르치셔 gareuchisyeo	가르치세요, 가르치셔요 gareuchiseyo, gareuchisyeoyo	가르치십니다 gareuchisimnida
Indicative	Past	가르치셨다 gareuchisyeotda	가르치셨어 gareuchisyeosseo	가르치셨어요 gareuchisyeosseoyo	가르치셨습니다 gareuchisyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	가르치시느냐 gareuchisineunya	가르치셔 gareuchisyeo	가르치세요, 가르치셔요 gareuchiseyo, gareuchisyeoyo	가르치십니까 gareuchisimnikka
Interrogative	Past	가르치셨느냐 gareuchisyeonneunya	가르치셨어 gareuchisyeosseo	가르치셨어요 gareuchisyeosseoyo	가르치셨습니까 gareuchisyeotseumnikka
Imperative		가르치시라 gareuchisira	가르치셔 gareuchisyeo	가르치세요 gareuchiseyo	가르치십시오 gareuchisipsio
Assertive		가르치시겠다 gareuchisigetda	가르치시겠어 gareuchisigesseo	가르치시겠어요 gareuchisigesseoyo	가르치시겠습니다 gareuchisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		가르치셔 gareuchisyeo	가르치셔서 gareuchisyeoseo	가르치시니 gareuchisini	가르치시니까 gareuchisinikka
Contrast		가르치시지만 gareuchisijiman	가르치시는데 gareuchisineunde	가르치시더니 gareuchisideoni
Conjunction		가르치시고 gareuchisigo
Condition		가르치시면 gareuchisimyeon	가르치셔야 gareuchisyeoya
Motive		가르치시려고 gareuchisiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		가르치심 gareuchisim	가르치시기 gareuchisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		가르치셨음 gareuchisyeosseum	가르치셨기 gareuchisyeotgi
Determiners	Past	가르치신 gareuchisin
	Present	가르치시는 gareuchisineun
	Future	가르치실 gareuchisil

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