長老

See also: 长老

Chinese

		long; length; forever long; length; forever; always; constantly; chief; head; elder; to grow; to develop	old; aged; venerable old; aged; venerable; outdated; experienced; (affectionate prefix)
trad. (長老)		長	老
simp. (长老)		长	老

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhǎnglǎo

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄤˇ ㄌㄠˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng² lou⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chóng-ló
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tióng-ló / tióng-nó͘ / tiáng-ló / tiúⁿ-ló

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhǎnglǎo [Phonetic: zhánglǎo]
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˇ ㄌㄠˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhǎnglǎo
  - Wade–Giles: chang³-lao³
  - Yale: jǎng-lǎu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaanglao
  - Palladius: чжанлао (čžanlao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zoeng² lou⁵
  - Yale: jéung lóuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng² lou⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêng² lou⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœːŋ³⁵ lou̯¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chóng-ló
  - Hakka Romanization System: zong` lo`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zong³ lo³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡soŋ³¹ lo³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tióng-ló
  - Tâi-lô: tióng-ló
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diofngloir
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɤ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tióng-nó͘
  - Tâi-lô: tióng-nóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diofngnor
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ nɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiáng-ló
  - Tâi-lô: tiáng-ló
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diafngloir
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo⁵³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiúⁿ-ló
  - Tâi-lô: tiúnn-ló
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dviwloir
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiũ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɤ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiũ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo⁵³/

Middle Chinese: trjangX lawX

Rime
Character	長	老
Reading #	2/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	知丈切	盧晧切
Baxter	trjangX	lawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨɐŋ^X/	/lɑu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiɐŋ^X/	/lɑu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiɑŋ^X/	/lɑu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈɨaŋ^X/	/law^X/
Li Rong	/ȶiaŋ^X/	/lɑu^X/
Wang Li	/ȶĭaŋ^X/	/lɑu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯aŋ^X/	/lɑu^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǎng	lǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoeng²	lou⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*traŋʔ C.rˤuʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*taŋʔ ruːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	長	老
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhǎng	lǎo
Middle Chinese	‹ trjang^X ›	‹ law^X ›
Old Chinese	/*traŋʔ/	/*C.rˁuʔ/
English	grow; elder	old
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	長	老
Reading #	1/3	1/1
No.	1263	7666
Phonetic component	長	老
Rime group	陽	幽
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	長	老
Old Chinese	/*taŋʔ/	/*ruːʔ/

Noun

長老

elder; senior; oldster
(Christianity) presbyter; elder
reverent address for an old monk or an elder of a religion
(Northern Min) Buddhist monk

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 和尚 (“Buddhist monk”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		和尚, 比丘, 僧, 僧人, 僧侶, 禪師 honorific
Mandarin	Beijing	和尚
	Taiwan	和尚
	Tianjin	和尚
	Chengde	和尚
	Tangshan	和尚
	Cangzhou	和尚
	Baoding	和尚
	Shijiazhuang	和尚
	Chifeng	和尚
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	和尚
	Heihe	和尚
	Qiqihar	和尚
	Harbin	和尚
	Jiamusi	和尚
	Baicheng	和尚
	Changchun	和尚
	Tonghua	和尚
	Shenyang	和尚
	Dandong	和尚
	Jinzhou	和尚
	Dalian	和尚
	Yantai	和尚
	Yantai (Muping)	和尚
	Qingdao	和尚
	Lijin	和尚
	Zhucheng	和尚
	Jinan	和尚, 僧人
	Jining	和尚
	Luoyang	和尚
	Wanrong	和尚
	Shangqiu	和尚
	Yuanyang	和尚
	Zhengzhou	和尚
	Lingbao	和尚
	Xinyang	和尚
	Baihe	和尚
	Hanzhong	和尚
	Xi'an	和尚
	Baoji	和尚
	Yinchuan	和尚
	Tianshui	和尚
	Lanzhou	和尚
	Dunhuang	和尚
	Xining	和尚
	Hami	和尚
	Ürümqi	和尚
	Wuhan	和尚
	Yichang	和尚
	Xiangyang	和尚
	Tianmen	和尚
	Hong'an	和尚
	Chengdu	和尚
	Nanchong	和尚
	Dazhou	和尚
	Hanyuan	和尚
	Xichang	和尚
	Zigong	和尚
	Chongqing	和尚
	Guiyang	和尚, 師父
	Zunyi	和尚
	Bijie	和尚
	Liping	和尚
	Zhaotong	和尚
	Dali	和尚
Kunming	和尚
Mengzi	和尚
Guilin	和尚
Guilin (Lingui)	和尚
Liuzhou	和尚, 師父
Liuzhou (Luorong)	和尚
Nanning (Wuming)	和尚
Jishou	和尚
Changde	和尚
Anqing	和尚
Xuzhou	和尚
Fuyang	和尚
Wuhu	和尚
Yangzhou	和尚
Lianyungang	和尚
Lianshui	和尚
Nanjing	和尚
Hefei	和尚
Nantong	和尚
Singapore	和尚, 師父
Cantonese	Guangzhou	和尚
	Hong Kong	和尚
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	和尚
	Macau	和尚
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	和尚
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	和尚
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	和尚
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	和尚
	Foshan	和尚
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	和尚
	Foshan (Shunde)	和尚
	Foshan (Sanshui)	和尚
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	和尚
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	和尚
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	和尚
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	和尚
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	和尚
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	和尚
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	和尚
	Taishan	和尚
	Kaiping (Chikan)	和尚
	Enping (Niujiang)	和尚
	Heshan (Yayao)	和尚
	Dongguan	和尚
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	和尚
	Qingyuan	和尚
	Fogang	和尚
	Yingde (Hanguang)	和尚
	Yangshan	和尚
	Lianshan (Butian)	和尚
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	和尚
	Shaoguan	和尚
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	和尚
	Renhua	和尚
	Lechang	和尚
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	和尚
	Sihui	和尚
	Guangning	和尚
	Deqing	和尚
	Huaiji	和尚
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	和尚
	Yunfu	和尚
	Xinxing	和尚
	Luoding	和尚
	Yunan (Pingtai)	和尚
	Xinyi	和尚
	Lianjiang	和尚
	Nanning	和尚
	Wuzhou	和尚
	Yulin	和尚
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	和尚
	Guiping	和尚
	Mengshan (Xihe)	和尚
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	和尚
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	和尚
	Baise	和尚
	Bobai	和尚
	Lingshan	和尚
	Pubei	和尚
	Qinzhou	和尚
	Beihai	和尚
	Ningming	和尚
	Hengzhou	和尚
	Hezhou (Pumen)	和尚
Gan	Nanchang	和尚
	Pengze	和尚
	Lichuan	和尚
	Pingxiang	和尚
Hakka	Meixian	和尚, 齋公
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	和尚
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	和尚
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	和尚
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	和尚
	Conghua (Lütian)	和尚
	Yudu	和尚
	Ruijin	和尚
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	和尚, 齋公仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	和尚, 齋牯, 齋公
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	和尚, 齋公仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	和尚, 齋公
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	和尚, 齋公仔
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	和尚
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	和尚
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	和尚
	Mashan (Pianlian)	師父
Huizhou	Jixi	和尚
Huizhou	Shexian	和尚
Jin	Taiyuan	和尚
	Pingyao	和尚
	Yangyuan	和尚
	Datong	和尚
	Xinzhou	和尚
	Lishi	和尚
	Linfen	和尚
	Changzhi	和尚
	Linhe	和尚
	Jining	和尚
	Hohhot	和尚
	Erenhot	和尚
	Pingshan	和尚
	Zhangjiakou	和尚
	Handan	和尚
	Linzhou	和尚
	Suide	和尚
Northern Min	Jian'ou	道老
	Songxi	長老
	Zhenghe	長老
	Jianyang	長老
	Wuyishan	長老
	Pucheng (Shibei)	長老
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	和尚
Eastern Min	Fuqing	和尚, 仙師
Southern Min	Xiamen	和尚
	Quanzhou	和尚
	Zhangzhou	和尚
	Taipei	和尚
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	和尚
	Kaohsiung	和尚
	Yilan	和尚
	Changhua (Lukang)	和尚
	Taichung	和尚
	Tainan	和尚
	Hsinchu	和尚
	Kinmen	和尚
	Penghu (Magong)	和尚
	Penang (Hokkien)	和尚
	Manila (Hokkien)	和尚
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	和尚
	Datian	和尚
	Shunchang (Pushang)	和尚
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	和尚
	Chaozhou	和尚
	Shantou	師父
	Shantou (Chenghai)	師父
	Jieyang	和尚
	Leizhou	和尚
	Haikou	和尚
Puxian Min	Putian (Donghai)	和尚
Central Min	Yong'an	和尚, 長老
	Sanyuan	長老
	Shaxian	和尚
Shaojiang Min	Shaowu	和尚
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	和尚
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	和尚
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	和尚
	Nanning (Shajing)	和尚
	Binyang (Xinqiao)	和尚
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	和尚
	Guilin (Chaoyang)	和尚
	Guilin (Zhuyuan)	和尚
	Lingchuan (Tanxia)	和尚
Wu	Shanghai	和尚
	Shanghai (Chongming)	和尚
	Shanghai (Jiading)	和尚
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	和尚
	Suzhou	和尚
	Danyang	和尚
	Hangzhou	和尚
	Ningbo	和尚
	Wenzhou	和尚
	Jinhua	和尚
Xiang	Changsha	和尚
	Loudi	齋公
	Quanzhou	和尚
	Guanyang (Wenshi)	和尚

Derived terms

長老宗／长老宗 (zhǎnglǎozōng)
長老會／长老会 (Zhǎnglǎohuì)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (長老):

→ Japanese: 長(ちょう)老(ろう) (chōrō)
→ Korean: 장로(長老) (jangno)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
長	老
ちょう Grade: 2	ろう Grade: 4
on’yomi

Noun

長(ちょう)老(ろう) • (chōrō)

an elder, an old man
an elder in a church

Korean

Hanja in this term
長	老

Noun

長老 • (jangno) (hangeul 장로)

Hanja form^? of 장로 (“elder”).

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