鉛

See also: 铅
鉛 U+925B, 鉛
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-925B
← 鉚
[U+925A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鉜 →
[U+925C]

Translingual

Alternative forms

Han character

鉛 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 金金口 (CCR) or 金竹弓口 (CHNR), four-corner 88160, composition ⿰釒㕣)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1301, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40310
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1803, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4189, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+925B

Chinese
trad. 鉛
simp. 铅
alternative forms 鈆／铅
Chemical element
Pb
Previous: 鉈／铊 (tā) (Tl)
Next: 鉍／铋 (bì) (Bi)

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (沿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
船 *ɦljon
沿 *lon
鉛 *lon

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lon) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 㕣 (OC *lon) – a kind of metal.

Etymology

Most varieties have a pronunciation derived from a velar initial.

  • Schuessler (2007) see it a re-etymologization towards 掔 (MC khean|khen, “solid; hard”).
  • Per Liu (2022), it is from Wu, in which the character 鉛／铅 is used to denote an etymon meaning "tinplate" with this velar pronunciation. As for further etymology, Liu suggested it an Indo-European-sourced borrowing, cf. English can (“metal container”).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • ing5 - Chaozhou;
  • êng5 - Jieyang;
  • iang5 - Shantou, Jieyang, Puning, Huilai.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 1khe
        • MiniDict: khe平
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1khe
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰe⁵³/
    • Xiang
      • (Changsha)
        • Wiktionary: yenn2
        • Sinological IPA (key): /y̯ẽ¹³/
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 鉛
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰian⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰian²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰiã²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕʰiã²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰian²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰiã²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕʰiã⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰiɛn⁵⁵/
Chengdu /yan³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰian⁵⁵/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /t͡ɕʰien³¹/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰiĩ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰie¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰiɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /kʰe⁵³/
Suzhou /kʰe̞⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰiẽ̞³³/
Wenzhou /kʰa³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰie³¹/
/kʰɛ³¹/
Tunxi /kʰɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /yẽ¹³/
Xiangtan /yẽ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ȵyɵn⁴⁵/ ～筆
/kʰan⁴²/ 洋～桶
Hakka Meixian /ian¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʒen¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jyn²¹/
Nanning /yn²¹/
Hong Kong /jyn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ian³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /yoŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /yiŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /iŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /in³¹/
Rime
Character 鉛
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 仙 (78)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 與專切
Baxter ywen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /jiuᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /jʷiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /juæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /jwian/
Li
Rong		 /iuɛn/
Wang
Li		 /jĭwɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯wɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yuán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jyun4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鉛
Reading # 1/1
No. 14281
Phonetic
component		 沿
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 沿
Old
Chinese		 /*lon/

Definitions

鉛

  1. (chemistry) lead (Pb)
  2. lead (in a pencil); graphite

Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 鉛
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 仙 (78)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 與專切
Baxter ywen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /jiuᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /jʷiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /juæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /jwian/
Li
Rong		 /iuɛn/
Wang
Li		 /jĭwɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯wɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yuán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jyun4

Definitions

鉛

  1. Used in 鉛山／铅山 (Yánshān).

Japanese
Shinjitai 鉛
Kyūjitai
[1]
鉛󠄁
鉛+󠄁?
(Adobe-Japan1)
鉛󠄅
鉛+󠄅?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji
鉛

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

Perhaps related to Goguryeo 乃勿 (*namur). Compare Korean 납 (nap).

Pronunciation
Kanji in this term
鉛
なまり
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Chemical element
Pb
Previous: タリウム (tariumu) (タリウム (tariumu)) (Tl)
Next: ビスマス (bisumasu) (ビスマス (bisumasu)) (Bi)
  • (Tokyo) なまり [nàmárí] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA(key): [na̠ma̠ɾʲi]

Noun

鉛(なまり) • (namari)  (uncountable)

  1. lead (chemical element)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
鉛
えん
Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 鉛 (MC ywen).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ẽ̞ɴ]

Affix

鉛(えん) • (en) 

  1. lead (chemical element)
Derived terms

References
  1. Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2180 (paper), page 1142 (digital)

Korean

Hanja

鉛 • (yeon) (hangeul 연)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鉛: Hán Việt readings: duyên (余(dư)專(chuyên)切(thiết))[1]
鉛: Nôm readings: ven[2], diên[3], duyên[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of duyên (“lead”).

References
  1. Trần (2004).
  2. Hồ (1976).
  3. Génibrel (1898).
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