翡翠

Chinese

		green jade; kingfisher	bluish-green; green jade
trad. (翡翠)		翡	翠
simp. ^#(翡翠)		翡	翠

Chinese jadeite buttons.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fěicuì

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄟˇ ㄘㄨㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fei² ceoi³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fí-chhui / fi-chhui
Eastern Min (BUC): hói-chói
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): húi-chhùi

(Teochew, Peng'im): hui¹ cui³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵fi-tshoe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fěicuì
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˇ ㄘㄨㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fěicuèi
  - Wade–Giles: fei³-tsʻui⁴
  - Yale: fěi-tswèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feeitsuey
  - Palladius: фэйцуй (fɛjcuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fei² ceoi³
  - Yale: féi cheui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fei² tsoey³
  - Guangdong Romanization: féi² cêu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fei̯³⁵ t͡sʰɵy̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fí-chhui / fi-chhui
  - Hakka Romanization System: fi` cui / fi cui
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fi³ cui⁴ / fi⁴ cui⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fi³¹ t͡sʰu̯i⁵⁵/, /fi⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯i⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hói-chói
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hui²¹³⁻⁵³ ^(t͡sʰ-)ʒui²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: húi-chhùi
  - Tâi-lô: huí-tshuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huyzhuix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰui²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hui¹ cui³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hui tshùi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hui³³⁻²³ t͡sʰui²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵fi-tshoe
  - MiniDict: fi^去 tshoe
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²fi-tshoe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fi³³ t͡sʰø⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: bj+jH tshwijH

Rime
Character	翡	翠
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	微 (21)	脂 (16)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	扶沸切	七醉切
Baxter	bj+jH	tshwijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bʉi^H/	/t͡sʰiuɪ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷɨi^H/	/t͡sʰʷi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/biuəi^H/	/t͡sʰjuɪ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buj^H/	/t͡sʰwi^H/
Li Rong	/biuəi^H/	/t͡sʰui^H/
Wang Li	/bĭwəi^H/	/t͡sʰwi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱwe̯i^H/	/t͡sʰwi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèi	cuì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fei⁶	ceoi³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*bɯls sʰuds/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	翡	翠
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3113	17944
Phonetic component	非	卒
Rime group	微	隊
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	𥝋	翠
Old Chinese	/*bɯls/	/*sʰuds/
Notes	沸原由涕校改

Noun

翡翠

jadeite
緬甸盛產翡翠。／缅甸盛产翡翠。 ― Miǎndiàn shèngchǎn fěicuì. ― Jadeite is abundant in Myanmar.
kingfisher, especially halcyon

Synonyms

(kingfisher):

翠鳥／翠鸟 (cuìniǎo)
魚狗／鱼狗 (yúgǒu)
魚虎／鱼虎 (yúhǔ)

Dialectal synonyms of 翠鳥 (“kingfisher”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		翠, 翡, 翡翠
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		翠鳥
Mandarin	Taiwan	翠鳥, 魚狗
Mandarin	Wuhan	翠雀, 釣魚郎
Cantonese	Guangzhou	釣魚郎
Gan	Pingxiang	翠翠鳥
Hakka	Meixian	翠仔, 官翠仔
	Xingning	羊牯翠
	Huidong (Daling)	官翠
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	官翠
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	翠鳥
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	青翠
	Changting	翠哩
	Wuping	沙鰍鑽
	Liancheng	翠鳥
	Yudu	翠子
	Ruijin	翠子
	Shicheng	翠子
	Shangyou (Shexi)	取子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	翡翠
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	翡翠
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	翡翠
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	翡翠
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	翡翠
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	翡翠
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	翠毛鳥
Southern Min	Xiamen	釣魚翁
	Zhangzhou	釣魚翁
	Tainan	釣魚翁 GT
	Shantou	釘魚鳥, 釘魚獅鳥
	Shantou (Chenghai)	釘魚鳥
	Nan'ao (Houzhai)	釘魚鳥
	Jieyang	釘魚鳥, 釘魚獅
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	釣魚公
Wu	Wenzhou	青翠, 翠花鳥
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Proper noun

翡翠

a surname: Feicui

Derived terms

翡翠水庫／翡翠水库
翡翠蘭苕／翡翠兰苕
翡翠衾
翡翠貽貝／翡翠贻贝 (fěicuìyíbèi)
赤翡翠

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (翡翠):

→ Japanese: 翡(ひ)翠(すい) (hisui)
→ Korean: 비취(翡翠) (bichwi)
→ Vietnamese: phỉ thúy (翡翠), phỉ thuý (翡翠)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
翡	翠
ひ Hyōgaiji	すい Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Chinese 翡翠 (fěicuì).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ひすい [hìsúí] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [çi̥sɨᵝi]

(Tokyo) ひすい [híꜜsùì] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [çisɨᵝi]

Noun

翡(ひ)翠(すい) • (hisui)

jade (gem)

Derived terms

翡(ひ)翠色(すいいろ) (hisuīro)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
翡	翠
Hyōgaiji	Jinmeiyō
irregular

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 翡翠 (fěicuì)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かわせみ [kàwásémí] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [ka̠ɰᵝa̠se̞mʲi]

Noun

翡翠(かわせみ) or 翡翠(カワセミ) • (kawasemi) ^{←かはせみ (kafasemi) or カハセミ (kafasemi)^?}

Alternative spelling of 川蝉 (“common kingfisher”)

Korean

Noun

翡翠 • (bichwi) (hangeul 비취)

Hanja form^? of 비취 (“jade”).

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