秋天

Chinese

		autumn; fall; harvest time autumn; fall; harvest time; a swing	day; sky; heaven
trad. (秋天)		秋	天
simp. ^#(秋天)		秋	天

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): qiūtiān

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄡㄊㄧㄢ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чютян (či͡uti͡an, I-II)
Cantonese (Jyutping): cau¹ tin¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhiû-thiên
Northern Min (KCR): chiú-tíng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhiu-thiⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): ciu¹ tin¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Shanghainese): ¹chieu-thi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiūtiān → qiūtian (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡㄊㄧㄢ → ㄑㄧㄡ ˙ㄊㄧㄢ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cioutiån
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiu¹-tʻien⁵
  - Yale: chyōu-tyan
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiou.tian
  - Palladius: цютянь (cjutjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/ → /t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn²/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiūtiānr
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡㄊㄧㄢㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cioutianr
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiu¹-tʻien¹-ʼrh
  - Yale: chyōu-tyānr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chioutial
  - Palladius: цютяньр (cjutjanʹr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чютян (či͡uti͡an, I-II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiou²⁴ tʰiæ̃⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cau¹ tin¹
  - Yale: chāu tīn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsau¹ tin¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ceo¹ tin¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiû-thiên
  - Hakka Romanization System: qiu´ tien´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qiu¹ tian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕʰi̯u²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰi̯en²⁴/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chiú-tíng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiu⁵⁴ tʰiŋ⁵⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiu-thiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tshiu-thinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiu'tvy
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiu⁴⁴⁻²² tʰĩ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiu³³ tʰĩ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiu⁴⁴⁻²² tʰĩ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiu⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiu⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ciu¹ tin¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiu thiⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiu³³⁻²³ tʰĩ³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wugniu: ¹chieu-thi
  - Wiktionary Romanisation: ¹qieu-thi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiɤ⁵⁵ tʰi²¹/

Middle Chinese: tshjuw then

Rime
Character	秋	天
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	七由切	他前切
Baxter	tshjuw	then
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰɨu/	/tʰen/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰiu/	/tʰen/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰiəu/	/tʰɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰuw/	/tʰɛn/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰiu/	/tʰen/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰĭəu/	/tʰien/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰi̯ə̯u/	/tʰien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiū	tiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cau¹	tin¹

Noun

秋天

autumn; fall
(literary) autumn sky; fall sky
- 俄頃風定雲墨色，秋天漠漠向昏黑。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  俄顷风定云墨色，秋天漠漠向昏黑。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Du Fu, 《茅屋為秋風所破歌》, translated by Xu Yuanchong
  Éqǐng fēng dìng yún mòsè, qiūtiān mòmò xiàng hūnhēi. [Pinyin]
  Shortly the gale subsides and clouds turn dark as ink, the autumn skies are shrouded and in darkness sink.

Synonyms

秋季 (qiūjì)
(literary) 旻天 (míntiān)
(Teochew) 秋天時／秋天时

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