曲阜

Chinese

		tune; song; bent tune; song; bent; crooked; wrong	abundant; mound
simp. and trad. (曲阜)		曲	阜

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Qūfù

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄈㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kuk¹ fau⁶
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁷chioq-veu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Qūfù
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄈㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Cyufù
  - Wade–Giles: Chʻü¹-fu⁴
  - Yale: Chyū-fù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chiufuh
  - Palladius: Цюйфу (Cjujfu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ fu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kuk¹ fau⁶
  - Yale: kūk fauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kuk⁷ fau⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: kug¹ feo⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊk̚⁵ fɐu̯²²/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁷chioq-veu
  - MiniDict: chioh^入 veu
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴qioq-veu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰioʔ³³ vɤ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: khjowk bjuwX

Rime
Character	曲	阜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	鍾 (8)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	丘玉切	房久切
Baxter	khjowk	bjuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨok̚/	/bɨu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰiok̚/	/biu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiok̚/	/biəu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuawk̚/	/buw^X/
Li Rong	/kʰiok̚/	/biu^X/
Wang Li	/kʰĭwok̚/	/bĭəu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰi̯wok̚/	/bʱi̯ə̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qu	fòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	huk¹	fau⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰ(r)ok [b](r)uʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰoɡ buʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	曲	阜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qū	fù
Middle Chinese	‹ khjowk ›	‹ bjuw^X ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰ(r)ok/	/*[b](r)uʔ/
English	to bend	big mound
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曲	阜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10578	3533
Phonetic component	曲	阜
Rime group	屋	幽
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	曲	婦
Old Chinese	/*kʰoɡ/	/*buʔ/

Proper noun

曲阜

(～市) Qufu (a county-level city in Jining, Shandong, China)
(historical) Qufu (capital of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period)

Descendants

→ English: Chufou, Ch'ü-fu, Qufu

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