時雨
See also: 时雨
Chinese
o'clock; time; when o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period |
rain | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (時雨) | 時 | 雨 | |
| simp. (时雨) | 时 | 雨 | |
Pronunciation
Descendants
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 時 | 雨 |
| しぐれ | |
| Grade: 2 | Grade: 1 |
| jukujikun | |
From Old Japanese.
The 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) and 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 時雨る (shiguru), modern 時雨れる (shigureru, “to rain a shower”).
Noun
時雨 • (shigure)
- a rainshower in late summer, autumn, or winter
- 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1:[2]
- 𩅧雨 孫愐曰：「𩅧雨小雨也。」音與終同。漢鈔云：［之久禮］
- Drizzle - Sun Mian said: drizzle is a light rain. The pronunciation is the same with 終 (shū). A Han banknote reads “shigure”.
- (by extension, figurative) shedding tears
- Short for 時雨煮 (shigureni), 時雨羹 (shigurekan), 時雨饅頭 (shigure manjū), etc.
- Short for 時雨蛤 (shigure hamaguri): clams cooked in the shigureni method with soy sauce; a specialty of Kuwana, Mie Prefecture
Usage notes
As a 季語 (kigo, “seasonal word”), originally referred to rainshowers in late autumn to early winter. The extension to include late summer and the whole of autumn is only attested between the compilation of the Kokin and Kin'yō Wakashū. Today, shigure only refers to a winter rainshower.
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 時雨羹 (shigurekan)
- 時雨忌 (Shigureki)
- 時雨月 (shigurezuki)
- 時雨煮 (shigureni)
- 時雨饅頭 (shigure manjū)
- 時雨模様 (shigure moyō)
- 笠時雨 (kasa-shigure)
- 黄身時雨 (kimi shigure)
- 小夜時雨 (sayo shigure)
- 蝉時雨 (semi-shigure)
- 月時雨 (tsuki shigure)
- 初時雨 (hatsushigure)
- 春時雨 (haru shigure)
- 村時雨, 群時雨, 叢時雨 (murashigure)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "時雨する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 時雨し | しぐれし | shigure shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 時雨し | しぐれし | shigure shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 時雨する | しぐれする | shigure suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 時雨する | しぐれする | shigure suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 時雨すれ | しぐれすれ | shigure sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 時雨せよ¹ 時雨しろ² |
しぐれせよ¹ しぐれしろ² |
shigure seyo¹ shigure shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 時雨される | しぐれされる | shigure sareru | |
| Causative | 時雨させる 時雨さす |
しぐれさせる しぐれさす |
shigure saseru shigure sasu | |
| Potential | 時雨できる | しぐれできる | shigure dekiru | |
| Volitional | 時雨しよう | しぐれしよう | shigure shiyō | |
| Negative | 時雨しない | しぐれしない | shigure shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 時雨せず | しぐれせず | shigure sezu | |
| Formal | 時雨します | しぐれします | shigure shimasu | |
| Perfective | 時雨した | しぐれした | shigure shita | |
| Conjunctive | 時雨して | しぐれして | shigure shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 時雨すれば | しぐれすれば | shigure sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Proper noun
時雨 • (Shigure)
- name of an 泡盛 (awamori, “Okinawan liquor made from rice or millet”)
- a Shiratsuyu-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II, see
Japanese destroyer Shigure (1935) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia - a female given name
- a surname
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 時 | 雨 |
| じ Grade: 2 |
う Grade: 1 |
| goon | |
From Middle Chinese 時雨 (MC dzyi hjuX). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Derived terms
- 時雨の化 (jiu no ka)
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- “時雨”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
Further reading
- Etymology entry for 時雨 (shigure) on Gogen-Yurai Jiten (Etymology and Origin Dictionary; in Japanese): http://gogen-allguide.com/si/shigure.html
Old Japanese
Etymology
The 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) and 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 時雨る (siguru, “to rain a shower”).
Noun
時雨 (sigure) (kana しぐれ)
Descendants
- Japanese: 時雨 (shigure), 時雨れる (shigureru)
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.