拓跋

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (拓跋)		拓	跋
simp. ^#(拓跋)		拓	跋
alternative forms		拓拔托跋托拔㩉拔

Etymology

From Xianbei. Compare English Tabgach, Old Turkic 𐱃𐰉𐰍𐰲 (t¹b¹ǧč /⁠tabɣač⁠/).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Tuòbá

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˋ ㄅㄚˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tok³ bat⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Thok-poa̍t

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Tuòbá
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˋ ㄅㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Tuòbá
  - Wade–Giles: Tʻo⁴-pa²
  - Yale: Twò-bá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tuohbar
  - Palladius: Тоба (Toba)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ pä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: tok³ bat⁶
  - Yale: tok baht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tok⁸ bat⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: tog³ bed⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔːk̚³ pɐt̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Thok-poa̍t
  - Tâi-lô: Thok-pua̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tokpoat
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ puat̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ puat̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔk̚³²⁻⁵ puat̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ puat̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ puat̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: thak bat

Rime
Character	拓	跋
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	唐 (103)	桓 (64)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	他各切	蒲撥切
Baxter	thak	bat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑk̚/	/buɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑk̚/	/bʷɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑk̚/	/buɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰak̚/	/bwat̚/
Li Rong	/tʰɑk̚/	/buɑt̚/
Wang Li	/tʰɑk̚/	/buɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰɑk̚/	/bʱuɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tuo	bó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tok³	but⁶

Proper noun

拓跋

(historical) Tuoba (Xianbei clan in ancient China)
a surname from Xianbei

See also

禿髮／秃发 (Tūfà)

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