抽象

Chinese
to draw out; to smoke (cigarettes); to pump
 
shape; form; appearance
shape; form; appearance; elephant; image under a map (maths)
trad. (抽象) 抽 象
simp. #(抽象) 抽 象

Etymology

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 抽(ちゅう)象(しょう) (chūshō)

Pronunciation

Adjective

抽象

  1. abstract (not specific)
    抽象事物  ―  chōuxiàng shìwù  ―  abstract thing
    抽象概念  ―  chōuxiàng gàiniàn  ―  abstract concept
    抽象思維／抽象思维  ―  chōuxiàng sīwéi  ―  abstract thought

Synonyms

Antonyms

Verb

抽象

  1. to form a general idea from particular circumstances; to abstract

Derived terms

Japanese
Kanji in this term
抽 象
ちゅう
Grade: S		 しょう
Grade: 5
on’yomi kan’on

Etymology

Appeared in the 1881 work 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Dictionary of Philosophy”) by Inoue Tetsujirō as a translation of English abstract, as opposed to concrete.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

Noun

抽(ちゅう)象(しょう) • (chūshō) ←ちうしやう (tiusyau)?

  1. abstraction
    Antonyms: 具体 (gutai), 具象 (gushō)

Derived terms

Verb

抽(ちゅう)象(しょう)する • (chūshō suru) ←ちうしやう (tiusyau)?suru (stem 抽(ちゅう)象(しょう)し (chūshō shi), past 抽(ちゅう)象(しょう)した (chūshō shita))

  1. to grasp the abstract points

Conjugation
Conjugation of "抽象する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 抽象し ちゅうしょうし chūshō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 抽象し ちゅうしょうし chūshō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 抽象する ちゅうしょうする chūshō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 抽象する ちゅうしょうする chūshō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 抽象すれ ちゅうしょうすれ chūshō sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 抽象せよ¹
抽象しろ²		 ちゅうしょうせよ¹
ちゅうしょうしろ²		 chūshō seyo¹
chūshō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 抽象される ちゅうしょうされる chūshō sareru
Causative 抽象させる
抽象さす		 ちゅうしょうさせる
ちゅうしょうさす		 chūshō saseru
chūshō sasu
Potential 抽象できる ちゅうしょうできる chūshō dekiru
Volitional 抽象しよう ちゅうしょうしよう chūshō shiyō
Negative 抽象しない ちゅうしょうしない chūshō shinai
Negative continuative 抽象せず ちゅうしょうせず chūshō sezu
Formal 抽象します ちゅうしょうします chūshō shimasu
Perfective 抽象した ちゅうしょうした chūshō shita
Conjunctive 抽象して ちゅうしょうして chūshō shite
Hypothetical conditional 抽象すれば ちゅうしょうすれば chūshō sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Descendants
  • → Chinese: 抽象 (chōuxiàng)
  • → Korean: 추상(抽象) (chusang)
  • → Vietnamese: trừu tượng

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  3. Inoue, Tetsujirō (1881) 哲学字彙 [Dictionary of Philosophy]‎, University of Tokyo, page 1
  4. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
抽象

Noun

抽象 • (chusang) (hangeul 추상)

  1. Hanja form? of 추상 (“abstraction”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
抽象

Adjective

抽象

  1. chữ Hán form of trừu tượng (“abstract”).
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