康乃馨

Chinese

		peaceful; spongy (of radishes)	to be; thus; so to be; thus; so; therefore; then; only; thereupon	fragrant
trad. (康乃馨)		康	乃	馨
simp. ^#(康乃馨)		康	乃	馨

康乃馨

Etymology

Phono-semantic matching of English carnation. For Taiwanese Hakka khà-né-siòng, via Japanese カーネーション (kānēshon).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kāngnǎixīn

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄤㄋㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hong¹ naai⁵ hing¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khang-nài-sin / khà-né-siòng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kāngnǎixīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄤㄋㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kangnǎisin
  - Wade–Giles: kʻang¹-nai³-hsin¹
  - Yale: kāng-nǎi-syīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kangnaeshin
  - Palladius: каннайсинь (kannajsinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hong¹ naai⁵ hing¹
  - Yale: hōng náaih hīng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hong¹ naai⁵ hing¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hong¹ nai⁵ hing¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːŋ⁵⁵ naːi̯¹³ hɪŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khang-nài-sin / khà-né-siòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: kang naiˇ xin / kaˇ ne` xiongˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kang⁴ nai² xin⁴ / ka² ne³ xiong²
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰaŋ⁵⁵ nai̯¹¹ ɕin⁵⁵/, /kʰa¹¹ ne³¹ ɕi̯oŋ¹¹/

Note:

khang-nài-sin - from Mandarin;
khà-né-siòng - from Japanese.

Noun

康乃馨

carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) (flower)

Synonyms

(Hokkien) 剪絨花／剪绒花 (chián-jiông-hoe), 剪絨仔花／剪绒仔花 (chián-jiông-á-hoe)

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