孔明燈

Chinese

		courtesy name of Zhuge Liang; clear; bright courtesy name of Zhuge Liang; clear; bright; clean	lamp; light
trad. (孔明燈)		孔明	燈
simp. (孔明灯)		孔明	灯

孔明燈

Etymology

Legend has it that the sage Zhuge Liang (courtesy name 孔明) used a message written on a sky lantern to summon help on an occasion when he was surrounded by enemy troops.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kǒngmíngdēng

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hung² ming⁴ dang¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khóng-bêng-teng

(Teochew, Peng'im): kong² mêng⁵ dêng¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kǒngmíngdēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kǒngmíngdeng
  - Wade–Giles: kʻung³-ming²-têng¹
  - Yale: kǔng-míng-dēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koongmingdeng
  - Palladius: кунминдэн (kunmindɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ miŋ³⁵ tɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kǒngmíngdēngr
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄥㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kǒngmíngdengr
  - Wade–Giles: kʻung³-ming²-têng¹-ʼrh
  - Yale: kǔng-míng-dēngr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koongmingdengl
  - Palladius: кунминдэнр (kunmindɛnr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ miŋ³⁵ tɤ̃ɻ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hung² ming⁴ dang¹
  - Yale: húng mìhng dāng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung² ming⁴ dang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung² ming⁴ deng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ³⁵ mɪŋ²¹ tɐŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khóng-bêng-teng
  - Tâi-lô: khóng-bîng-ting
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qofngbengdefng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kong² mêng⁵ dêng¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khóng mêng teng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ meŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ teŋ³³/

Noun

孔明燈

sky lantern; Kongming lantern (paper lantern which ascends to the sky when lit)

Synonyms

天燈／天灯 (tiāndēng)

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