妓

妓 U+5993, 妓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5993
← 妒
[U+5992] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 妔 →
[U+5994]

Translingual

Han character

妓 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 女十水 (VJE), four-corner 44447, composition ⿰女支)

Derived characters
  • 𣇠

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 256, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6083
  • Dae Jaweon: page 520, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1029, character 17
  • Unihan data for U+5993

Chinese
trad. 妓
simp. # 妓

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 妓
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (支) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
支 *kje
枝 *kje
肢 *kje
汥 *kje, *ɡe, *ɡres
衼 *kje
馶 *kje, *qʰjes, *kes, *ɡe
鳷 *kje
忮 *kjes
伎 *kjes, *ɡe, *ɡreʔ
豉 *ɡjes
翅 *qʰjes
翄 *qʰjes, *ɡe
妓 *kre, *ɡreʔ
庋 *kreʔ, *kʷreʔ
跂 *kʰeʔ, *kʰes, *ɡe
蚑 *kʰes, *ɡe
吱 *kʰes
岐 *ɡe
歧 *ɡe
鬾 *ɡre, *ɡres
技 *ɡreʔ
芰 *ɡres
攱 *kʷreʔ, *kʷres
庪 *kʷreʔ
頍 *kʰʷeʔ
屐 *ɡreɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kre, *ɡreʔ) : semantic 女 + phonetic 支 (OC *kje).

Etymology

Attested earliest in Shuowen Jiezi and Wèi-Jìn period's literature (possible pronunciations *kɨe or *gɨeX); a hypohetical OC form would be *kre (Schuessler, 2007).

Apparently loaned from Vietic (ancient 越 (yuè) in southern China). Compare Proto-Vietic *-keːʔ (“woman, female”) (whence Vietnamese cái (“female”) & gái (“girl, female”)), elsewhere in Mon-Khmer, Proto-Waic *krih girl", Proto-North-Bahnaric *kdri: "female". Alternatively, Wang (1982) relates this to 技 (jì, “skill”), yet this may be folk etymology (ibid.).

Schuessler also points to other foreign words which meant "woman, girl" yet referred to women of low social standing in ancient China; e.g. 嬖 (bì), 嬯 (tái) (ibid.).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • kī - literary;
  • ki - vernacular (俗).
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 妓
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕi⁵³/
Jinan /t͡ɕi²¹/
Qingdao /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕi³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕji²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕi¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕi¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕi¹³/
Guiyang /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Kunming /t͡ɕi²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡sz̩⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑi²³/
Suzhou /d͡ʑi³¹/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑi²¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡zz̩³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi²²/
Tunxi /t͡ɕi⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Hakka Meixian /kʰi⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /ki²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kei²²/
Nanning /ki²²/
Hong Kong /kei²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ki²²/
/ki⁵⁵/ 俗
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kɛi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ki⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /ki³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ki³⁵/
Rime
Character 妓
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 支 (13)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 渠綺切
Baxter gjeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡˠiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡᵚiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gjiə̆X/
Li
Rong		 /ɡjeX/
Wang
Li		 /ɡǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gei6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 妓
Reading # 2/2
No. 17230
Phonetic
component		 支
Rime
group		 支
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 技
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡreʔ/

Definitions

妓

  1. (Classical, historical) female entertainer; female performer of song and dance
  2. prostitute

Synonyms
  • (both senses): 娼 (chāng)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 妓
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 支 (13)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居宜切
Baxter kje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kᵚiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kiɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kjiə̆/
Li
Rong		 /kje/
Wang
Li		 /kǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gei1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 妓
Reading # 1/2
No. 17213
Phonetic
component		 支
Rime
group		 支
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 羈
Old
Chinese		 /*kre/

Definitions

妓

  1. Used in 妓姕.

Japanese

Kanji
妓

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. geisha; prostitute

Readings
  • Go-on: ぎ (gi)
  • Kan-on: き (ki)
  • Kun: あそびめ (asobime); こ (ko); わざおぎ (wazaogi)

Compounds
Compounds
Kanji in this term
妓
ぎ
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 妓 (“female entertainer”).

Pronunciation

Noun

妓(ぎ) • (gi) 

  1. female entertainer

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 妓 (MC gjeX). Recorded as Middle Korean 기〯 (kǐ) (Yale: ki) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 妓 (eumhun 기생 기 (gisaeng gi))

  1. Hanja form? of 기 (“prostitute”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

妓: Hán Việt readings: kĩ, kỹ
妓: Nôm readings: kĩ, kỹ, đĩ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds
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