南面

Chinese

		south	face; side; surface face; side; surface; aspect; top
simp. and trad. (南面)		南	面

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): nánmiàn

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): naam⁴ min⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): nam³ men⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nàm-mien
Eastern Min (BUC): nàng-miêng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lâm-bīn

(Teochew, Peng'im): nam⁵ ming⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: nánmiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nánmiàn
  - Wade–Giles: nan²-mien⁴
  - Yale: nán-myàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nanmiann
  - Palladius: наньмянь (nanʹmjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: nánmiànr
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nánmiànr
  - Wade–Giles: nan²-mien⁴-ʼrh
  - Yale: nán-myànr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nanmiall
  - Palladius: наньмяньр (nanʹmjanʹr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: naam⁴ min⁶
  - Yale: nàahm mihn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: naam⁴ min⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: nam⁴ min⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːm²¹ miːn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: nam³ men⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdam²² ᵐben³²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nàm-mien
  - Hakka Romanization System: namˇ mien
  - Hagfa Pinyim: nam² mian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /nam¹¹ mi̯en⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: nàng-miêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ miɛŋ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâm-bīn
  - Tâi-lô: lâm-bīn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lambin
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lam²⁴⁻²² bin²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lam²⁴⁻²² bin⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lam¹³⁻²² bin²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lam²⁴⁻¹¹ bin³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lam²³⁻³³ bin³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: nam⁵ ming⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nâm mīng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ miŋ¹¹/

Middle Chinese: nom mjienH

Rime
Character	南	面
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	那含切	彌箭切
Baxter	nom	mjienH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nʌm/	/miᴇn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/nəm/	/miɛn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/nɒm/	/mjæn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nəm/	/mian^H/
Li Rong	/nᴀm/	/miɛn^H/
Wang Li	/nɒm/	/mĭɛn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/năm/	/mi̯ɛn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nán	miàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naam⁴	min⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤ[ə]m C.me[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*nuːm mens/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	南	面
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nán	miàn
Middle Chinese	‹ nom ›	‹ mjien^H ›
Old Chinese	/*nˁ[ə]m/	/*C.me[n]-s/
English	south	face
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	南	面
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9355	9098
Phonetic component	南	面
Rime group	侵	元
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	南	面
Old Chinese	/*nuːm/	/*mens/

Noun

南面

the south side

Usage notes

Since ancient times, the person of importance was expected to sit on the north side of a room facing south.

Synonyms

南邊／南边 (nánbiān)
南方 (nánfāng)
(Cantonese) 南便
(Hakka) 南片
(Hokkien, Teochew) 南爿

Coordinate terms

東面／东面 (dōngmiàn)
西面 (xīmiàn)
北面 (běimiàn)

Verb

南面

(literary) to be the monarch
(literary) to be a government official

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