北極熊

See also: 北极熊

Chinese
the North Pole bear; to scold; to rebuke
trad. (北極熊) 北極 熊
simp. (北极熊) 北极 熊

Etymology

Compare Japanese 北極熊 (hokkyokuguma), Korean 북극곰 (Bukgeukgom), Vietnamese gấu Bắc Cực, all of which literally mean “arctic bear”.

Pronunciation

Noun

北極熊

  1. polar bear

Synonyms

Japanese
北極熊
Kanji in this term
北 極 熊
ほく > ほっ
Grade: 2		 きょく
Grade: 4		 くま > ぐま
Grade: 4
Alternative spelling
北極グマ

Etymology

Compound of 北極 (Hokkyoku, “North Pole; Arctic”) +‎ 熊 (kuma, “bear”).[1][2][3] The kuma changes to guma as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Compare Chinese 北極熊／北极熊 (běijíxióng), Korean 북극곰 (Bukgeukgom), Vietnamese gấu Bắc Cực, all of which literally mean “arctic bear”.

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ほっきょく​ぐま [hòkkyókúꜜgùmà] (Nakadaka – [4])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ho̞k̚ʲkʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝɡɯ̟ᵝma̠]

Noun

北(ほっ)極(きょく)熊(ぐま) or 北極熊(ほっきょくグマ) or 北極熊(ホッキョクグマ) • (Hokkyokuguma) ←ほくきよくぐま (fokukyokuguma) or ホクキヨクグマ (fokukyokuguma)?

  1. a polar bear

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ホッキョクグマ.

Synonyms

References
  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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