充牣

Chinese

		fill; satisfy; fulfil fill; satisfy; fulfil; to act in place of; substitute; sufficient; full	fill up; to stuff
trad. (充牣)		充	牣
simp. ^#(充牣)		充	牣
alternative forms		充仞

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chōngrèn

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄥㄖㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cung¹ jan⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chōngrèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥㄖㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chongrèn
  - Wade–Giles: chʻung¹-jên⁴
  - Yale: chūng-rèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chongrenn
  - Palladius: чунжэнь (čunžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ʐən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cung¹ jan⁶
  - Yale: chūng yahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsung¹ jan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: cung¹ yen⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ jɐn²²/

Verb

充牣

(literary) to fill; to permeate

Synonyms

(to fill): 充滿／充满 (chōngmǎn)
(literary, or in compounds) 盈 (yíng)

Adjective

充牣

(literary) abundant; plentiful

Synonyms

優／优 (yōu)
優厚／优厚 (yōuhòu)
充盈 (chōngyíng)
博大 (bódà)
宏富 (hóngfù) (literary)
富足 (fùzú)
寬裕／宽裕 (kuānyù)
從容／从容
滿盈／满盈 (mǎnyíng) (literary)
盎然 (àngrán)
豐厚／丰厚 (fēnghòu)
豐富／丰富 (fēngfù)
豐滿／丰满 (fēngmǎn)
豐盛／丰盛 (fēngshèng)
豐碩／丰硕 (fēngshuò)
豐足／丰足 (fēngzú)
饒／饶 (ráo)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
充	牣
じゅう Grade: S	じん Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じゅうじん [jùújíń] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑɨᵝːʑĩɴ]

Noun

充(じゅう)牣(じん) • (jūjin) ^{←じゆうじん (zyuuzin)^?}

(archaic, rare) to fill
- 1869, Kurimoto Jōun, Hōan jisshu:
  
  英(アンゲレ)は交(こう)易(えき)繁(はん)盛(じょう)器(き)械(かい)充(じゅう)牣(じん)勢(せい)力(りょく)強(つよし)を以(もっ)て勝(か)ち
  Angere wa kōeki hanjō kikai jūjin seiryoku tsuyoshi o motte kachi
  The Angles won thanks to the power afforded by their complete and thriving commerce

Verb

充(じゅう)牣(じん)する • (jūjin suru) suru (stem 充(じゅう)牣(じん)し (jūjin shi), past 充(じゅう)牣(じん)した (jūjin shita))

(archaic, rare) to be full, be filled
- 1988 [1907], Natsume Sōseki, “Bunkei no tetsugakuteki soki [The philosophical basis of literature]”, in Natsume Sōseki zenshū 10 [Natsume Soseki collected works 10]:
  
  よく考(かんが)えると何(なに)にもないのに、通(つう)俗(ぞく)では森(しん)羅(ら)万(ばん)象(しょう)いろいろなものが掃(そう)蕩(とう)しても掃(そう)蕩(とう)しきれぬほど雑(ざつ)然(ぜん)として宇(う)宙(ちゅう)に充(じゅう)牣(じん)している。
  Yoku kangaeru to nani nimo nai no ni, tsūzoku de wa shinrabanshō iroiro na mono ga sōtō shite mo sōtō shikirenu hodo zatsuzen to shite uchū ni jūjin shiteiru.
  One thinks of space containing nothing, but in the common sense of the word the universe is full of such unruly chaos it cannot truly be made tidy.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "充牣する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	充牣し	じゅうじんし	jūjin shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	充牣し	じゅうじんし	jūjin shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	充牣する	じゅうじんする	jūjin suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	充牣する	じゅうじんする	jūjin suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	充牣すれ	じゅうじんすれ	jūjin sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	充牣せよ¹ 充牣しろ²	じゅうじんせよ¹ じゅうじんしろ²	jūjin seyo¹ jūjin shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	充牣される	じゅうじんされる	jūjin sareru
Causative	充牣させる充牣さす	じゅうじんさせるじゅうじんさす	jūjin saseru jūjin sasu
Potential	充牣できる	じゅうじんできる	jūjin dekiru
Volitional	充牣しよう	じゅうじんしよう	jūjin shiyō
Negative	充牣しない	じゅうじんしない	jūjin shinai
Negative continuative	充牣せず	じゅうじんせず	jūjin sezu
Formal	充牣します	じゅうじんします	jūjin shimasu
Perfective	充牣した	じゅうじんした	jūjin shita
Conjunctive	充牣して	じゅうじんして	jūjin shite
Hypothetical conditional	充牣すれば	じゅうじんすれば	jūjin sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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