三藐三菩提

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (三藐三菩提)		三藐	三菩提
simp. ^#(三藐三菩提)		三藐	三菩提

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sānmiǎo sānpútí

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄢㄇㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄢㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sānmiǎo sānpútí
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄢㄇㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄢㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sanmiǎo sanpútí
  - Wade–Giles: san¹-miao³ san¹-pʻu²-tʻi²
  - Yale: sān-myǎu sān-pú-tí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sanmeau sanpwutyi
  - Palladius: саньмяо саньпути (sanʹmjao sanʹputi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sän⁵⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵/

Middle Chinese: sam mjiewX sam bu dzye

Rime
Character	三	藐	菩	提
Reading #	1/2	1/2	1/4	1/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	明 (4)	並 (3)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	談 (143)	宵 (91)	模 (23)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	I	III
Fanqie	蘇甘切	亡沼切	薄胡切	是支切
Baxter	sam	mjiewX	bu	dzye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɑm/	/miᴇu^X/	/buo/	/d͡ʑiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/sɑm/	/miɛu^X/	/buo/	/d͡ʑiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/sɑm/	/mjæu^X/	/bo/	/d͡ʑjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sam/	/miaw^X/	/bɔ/	/d͡ʑiə̆/
Li Rong	/sɑm/	/miɛu^X/	/bo/	/ʑie/
Wang Li	/sɑm/	/mĭɛu^X/	/bu/	/ʑǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/sɑm/	/mi̯ɛu^X/	/bʱuo/	/ʑie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sān	miǎo	pú	chí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	saam¹	miu⁵	pou⁴	si⁴

Noun

三藐三菩提

(Buddhism) Short for 阿耨多羅三藐三菩提／阿耨多罗三藐三菩提 (ānòuduōluó sānmiǎo sānpútí).

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (三藐三菩提):

→ Japanese: 三(さん)藐(みゃく)三(さん)菩(ぼ)提(だい) (sanmyaku sanbodai)
→ Korean: 삼막 삼보리(三藐三菩提) (sammak sambori)
→ Vietnamese: tam miệu tam Bồ đề (三藐三菩提)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
三	藐	三	菩	提
さん Grade: 1	みゃく Hyōgaiji	さん Grade: 1	ぼ Jinmeiyō	だい Grade: 5
on’yomi

Etymology

Ultimately from Sanskrit सम्यक् सम्बोधि (samyak sambodhi, “complete enlightenment”),[1][2] via Middle Chinese 三藐三菩提 (MC sam maewk sam bu dej).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) さんみゃくさんぼだい [sáꜜǹmyàkù sàǹbòdàì] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
(Tokyo) さんみゃくさんぼだい [sàńmyákú sáńbóꜜdàì] (Nakadaka – [7])
IPA^(key): [sã̠mʲːa̠kɯ̟ᵝ sã̠mbo̞da̠i]

Noun

三(さん)藐(みゃく)三(さん)菩(ぼ)提(だい) • (sanmyaku sanbodai)

(Buddhism) complete enlightenment

See also

阿(あ)耨(のく)多(た)羅(ら)三(さん)藐(みゃく)三(さん)菩(ぼ)提(だい) (anokutara sanmyaku sanbodai, “anuttarā-samyak-saṃbodhi”)
三(さん)菩(ぼ)提(だい) (sanbodai, “perfect knowledge or enlightenment”)
悟(さと)り (satori, “satori, enlightenment”)

References

Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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