かたぎ

Japanese

Etymology 1
Alternative spelling
堅木

Compound of 堅(かた) (kata, “hard”) + 木(き) (ki, “wood”). The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) かたぎ [kàtágí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ka̠ta̠ɡʲi]

Noun

かたぎ • (katagi) 

  1. hardwood

Etymology 2
Alternative spellings
形木
模

Compound of 形(かた) (kata, “shape; form”) + 木(き) (ki, “wood”). The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) かたぎ [kàtágí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ka̠ta̠ɡʲi]

Noun

かたぎ • (katagi) 

  1. carving wooden block used to dye patterns on cloth, paper, etc.
  2. printing wooden block
    Synonym: はんぎ (hangi)
  3. model; pattern

Etymology 3
Alternative spelling
堅気

Compound of 堅(かた) (kata, “hard”) + 気(き) (ki, “spirit; nature”). The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) かたぎ [kàtágí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ka̠ta̠ɡʲi]

Adjective

かたぎ • (katagi) -na (adnominal かたぎな (katagi na na), adverbial かたぎに (katagi ni ni))

  1. honest; decent
Inflection
Inflection of かたぎ
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) かたぎだろ katagi daro
Continuative (連用形) かたぎで katagi de
Terminal (終止形) かたぎだ katagi da
Attributive (連体形) かたぎな katagi na
Hypothetical (仮定形) かたぎなら katagi nara
Imperative (命令形) かたぎであれ katagi de are
Key constructions
Informal negative かたぎではない
かたぎじゃない		 katagi de wa nai
katagi ja nai
Informal past かたぎだった katagi datta
Informal negative past かたぎではなかった
かたぎじゃなかった		 katagi de wa nakatta
katagi ja nakatta
Formal かたぎです katagi desu
Formal negative かたぎではありません
かたぎじゃありません		 katagi de wa arimasen
katagi ja arimasen
Formal past かたぎでした katagi deshita
Formal negative past かたぎではありませんでした
かたぎじゃありませんでした		 katagi de wa arimasen deshita
katagi ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive かたぎで katagi de
Conditional かたぎなら（ば） katagi nara (ba)
Provisional かたぎだったら katagi dattara
Volitional かたぎだろう katagi darō
Adverbial かたぎに katagi ni
Degree かたぎさ katagisa

Noun

かたぎ • (katagi) 

  1. a decent occupation, as opposed to yakuza, prostitute, geisha, etc.; a person in a decent occupation

Etymology 4
Alternative spellings
気質
形気
容気

Semantic shift from 形(かた)木(ぎ) (katagi, see Etymology 2 above).[1][2][3][4] The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

Noun

かたぎ • (katagi) 

  1. character, mindset, spirit, turn of mind
Derived terms
  • 職(しょく)人(にん)気質(かたぎ) (shokunin katagi)

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  3. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  5. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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