ὕβρις
See also: ὑβρίς
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Unknown; possibly Pre-Greek, given its unusual shape and the lack of a convincing Indo-European etymology.[1] Other proposed explanations include:
- The first element ῠ̔́- (hú-) being from Proto-Indo-European *ud- (“outward, up”) (supported e.g. by Frisk[2]) with the second element perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷreh₂- (“heavy, strong”) (whence βαρύς (barús), βριαρός (briarós) etc.).[3]
- From Proto-Indo-European *(H)i̯oHgʷ-ri-, assuming a relation to ἥβη (hḗbē, “vigour of youth, sexual maturity, adolescence”).[4] Beekes rejects this on the grounds that it would be expected to yield *ὠβρι- (*ōbri-).[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hý.bris/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)y.bris/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈy.βris/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈy.vris/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈi.vris/
Noun
ῠ̔́βρις • (húbris) f (genitive ῠ̔́βρεως or ῠ̔́βριος); third declension (Epic, Ionic, Doric, Attic, Koine)
Inflection
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ ῠ̔́βρῐς hē húbris |
τὼ ῠ̔́βρει tṑ húbrei |
αἱ ῠ̔́βρεις hai húbreis | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς ῠ̔́βρεως tês húbreōs |
τοῖν ῠ̔βρέοιν toîn hubréoin |
τῶν ῠ̔́βρεων tôn húbreōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ ῠ̔́βρει têi húbrei |
τοῖν ῠ̔βρέοιν toîn hubréoin |
ταῖς ῠ̔́βρεσῐ / ῠ̔́βρεσῐν taîs húbresi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν ῠ̔́βρῐν tḕn húbrin |
τὼ ῠ̔́βρει tṑ húbrei |
τᾱ̀ς ῠ̔́βρεις tā̀s húbreis | ||||||||||
Vocative | ῠ̔́βρῐ húbri |
ῠ̔́βρει húbrei |
ῠ̔́βρεις húbreis | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
- ῠ̔βρίζω (hubrízō)
Descendants
References
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὕβρις”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1524–1525
- Frisk, Hjalmar (1970) “ὕβρις”, in Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 954
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 477
- Nikolaev, Alexander (2002) “Die Etymologie von altgriechischem ὕβρις”, in Glotta, volume 80 (2004), pages 114–125 (cf. also Beekes (2010), p. 507)
Further reading
- “ὕβρις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ὕβρις”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ὕβρις”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ὕβρις in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ὕβρις in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ὕβρις”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5196 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- abuse idem, page 5.
- affront idem, page 17.
- arrogance idem, page 41.
- assault idem, page 45.
- assumption idem, page 48.
- assurance idem, page 48.
- audacity idem, page 52.
- bombast idem, page 88.
- bounce idem, page 90.
- bullying idem, page 103.
- contempt idem, page 167.
- contemptuousness idem, page 167.
- contumely idem, page 173.
- defamation idem, page 203.
- despiteful idem, page 217.
- disdainfulness idem, page 232.
- dishonour idem, page 234.
- disrespect idem, page 239.
- effrontery idem, page 263.
- excess idem, page 288.
- extravagance idem, page 297.
- gallantry idem, page 352.
- hardihood idem, page 385.
- haughtiness idem, page 388.
- humiliation idem, page 410.
- ill usage idem, page 416.
- immodesty idem, page 418.
- imperiousness idem, page 420.
- impertinence idem, page 421.
- impudence idem, page 425.
- incivility idem, page 428.
- incontinence idem, page 430.
- indecency idem, page 431.
- indignity idem, page 433.
- injury idem, page 441.
- insolence idem, page 445.
- insult idem, page 448.
- intemperance idem, page 448.
- irreverence idem, page 460.
- lasciviousness idem, page 477.
- lewdness idem, page 487.
- licence idem, page 488.
- licentiousness idem, page 489.
- light idem, page 490.
- lightly idem, page 491.
- lust idem, page 505.
- maltreatment idem, page 510.
- mischief idem, page 533.
- misusage idem, page 536.
- mockery idem, page 537.
- naughtiness idem, page 552.
- offence idem, page 571.
- offensiveness idem, page 571.
- outrage idem, page 582.
- pertness idem, page 609.
- presumption idem, page 638.
- presumptuousness idem, page 638.
- pride idem, page 640.
- profligacy idem, page 653.
- push idem, page 660.
- railing idem, page 668.
- rape idem, page 672.
- ravishment idem, page 674.
- rebuff idem, page 677.
- restiveness idem, page 705.
- ridicule idem, page 713.
- riotous idem, page 716.
- roguery idem, page 720.
- rudeness idem, page 724.
- sauciness idem, page 735.
- scoffing idem, page 740.
- scorn idem, page 740.
- sensuality idem, page 753.
- shamelessness idem, page 761.
- skittishness idem, page 781.
- slight idem, page 784.
- sneer idem, page 789.
- superciliousness idem, page 838.
- taunt idem, page 857.
- terrorism idem, page 863.
- treatment idem, page 892.
- truculence idem, page 898.
- unruliness idem, page 930.
- vanity idem, page 943.
- violation idem, page 953.
- violence idem, page 953.
- wantonness idem, page 962.
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