ἕλκος
See also: έλκος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁élḱos (“wound, illness, ulcer”), from the root *h₁elḱ-. Cognate with Latin ulcus (“ulcer”) and Sanskrit अर्शस् (árśas, “hemorrhoids”)). The non-etymological spiritus asper is usually explained by the folk-etymological influence of ἕλκω (hélkō, “to drag”).[1][2][3][4]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hél.kos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)el.kos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈel.kos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈel.kos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈel.kos/
Noun
ἕλκος • (hélkos) n (genitive ἕλκεος or ἕλκους); third declension
Inflection
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ ἕλκος tò hélkos |
τὼ ἕλκει tṑ hélkei |
τᾰ̀ ἕλκη tà hélkē | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ἕλκους toû hélkous |
τοῖν ἑλκοῖν toîn helkoîn |
τῶν ἑλκῶν tôn helkôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ἕλκει tôi hélkei |
τοῖν ἑλκοῖν toîn helkoîn |
τοῖς ἕλκεσῐ / ἕλκεσῐν toîs hélkesi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ ἕλκος tò hélkos |
τὼ ἕλκει tṑ hélkei |
τᾰ̀ ἕλκη tà hélkē | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἕλκος hélkos |
ἕλκει hélkei |
ἕλκη hélkē | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
- ἀνελκής (anelkḗs, “free from ulceration”)
- ἀνελκόομαι (anelkóomai, “suppurate afresh”)
- ἀφελκόω (aphelkóō, “make an incision, tap”)
- δυσελκής (duselkḗs, “unfavourable for healing”)
- ἑλκαίνω (helkaínō, “fester”)
- ἑλκήεις (helkḗeis, “full of ulcers”)
- ἑλκόομαι (helkóomai)
- ἑλκοποιέω (helkopoiéō, “make wounds”)
- ἑλκοποιός (helkopoiós, “wounding”)
- ἑλκόω (helkóō, “wound, lacerate”)
- ἑλκύδριον n (helkúdrion, “slight sore”)
- ἑλκώδης (helkṓdēs, “like a wound”)
- ἕλκωμα n (hélkōma, “sore, ulcer”)
- ἑλκωματικός (helkōmatikós, “causing sores”)
- ἕλκωσις f (hélkōsis, “ulceration”)
- ἑλκωτικός (helkōtikós, “causing sores”)
- ἐξελκόω (exelkóō, “cause sores in”)
- ἐξέλκωσις f (exélkōsis, “-causing of sores in”)
- ἐφελκόομαι (ephelkóomai, “break out into sores”)
- ἐφέλκωσις f (ephélkōsis, “ulceration”)
- καθελκόομαι (kathelkóomai, “break out into sores”)
- κακελκής (kakelkḗs, “having an ulcer”)
- κακοελκής (kakoelkḗs, “badly festering”)
- πολυελκής (poluelkḗs, “with many sores”)
- προελκόομαι (proelkóomai, “be ulcerated before”)
- προεξελκόω (proexelkóō, “exulcerate before”)
Unrelated to the derived words from ἕλκω (hélkō, “I drag”).
Descendants
- → Greek: έλκος (élkos) (learned)
References
- Solmsen, Felix (1894) Studien zur lateinischen Lautgeschichte (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, page 18, footnote 1
- Chantraine, Pierre (1968–1980) “ἕλκος”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque (in French), Paris: Klincksieck, page 339b
- Frisk, Hjalmar (1960) “ἕλκος”, in Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 496–497
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 412
Further reading
- “ἕλκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἕλκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἕλκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.