ἄνθραξ

Ancient Greek

Quite uncertain; Strong's Concordance calls it a "prim[itive] word". Possibly from a Mediterranean substrate; compare Old Armenian անթայր (antʻayr, “spark; anthrax”), անթեղ (antʻeł, “hot coal, ember”).

Others have connected the word to Old Norse sintr, German Sinter (“sinter”), English sinder (“cinder, ashes, slag”), all from *sindrą (“dross, cinder, slag”), and via Proto-Indo-European *sendʰro- (“coagulating fluid, scale, cinder”) cognate to Old Church Slavonic сядра (sjadra, “lime cinder, gypsum”) (compare Serbo-Croatian sadra, Czech sádra). Kölligan suggests a connection to Sanskrit अन्ध (andha, “blind, darkness, etc.”).

ἄνθραξ • (ánthrax) m (genitive ἄνθρακος); third declension

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ἄνθρᾰξ ho ánthrax	τὼ ἄνθρᾰκε tṑ ánthrake	οἱ ἄνθρᾰκες hoi ánthrakes
Genitive	τοῦ ἄνθρᾰκος toû ánthrakos	τοῖν ἀνθρᾰ́κοιν toîn anthrákoin	τῶν ἀνθρᾰ́κων tôn anthrákōn
Dative	τῷ ἄνθρᾰκῐ tôi ánthraki	τοῖν ἀνθρᾰ́κοιν toîn anthrákoin	τοῖς ἄνθρᾰξῐ / ἄνθρᾰξῐν toîs ánthraxi(n)
Accusative	τὸν ἄνθρᾰκᾰ tòn ánthraka	τὼ ἄνθρᾰκε tṑ ánthrake	τοὺς ἄνθρᾰκᾰς toùs ánthrakas
Vocative	ἄνθρᾰξ ánthrax	ἄνθρᾰκε ánthrake	ἄνθρᾰκες ánthrakes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.