ẻm

See also: Appendix:Variations of "em"

Vietnamese

Etymology

Contraction of em + the demonstrative ấy (“that”) in the southern dialects, with the latter manifested as the hỏi tone after monosyllabification.

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ʔɛm˧˩]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [ʔɛm˧˨]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ʔɛm˨˩˦]

Pronoun

ẻm

(Southern Vietnam, in the singular, polite) they/them, that person who's a little younger than me
(Southern Vietnam, in the singular, polite) they/them, that student who's younger than me as a teacher

Synonyms

em ấy

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