ḥwj

See also: hwj and ḫwj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Verb
HwA24

 3ae inf.

  1. (transitive) to hit, to strike, to beat
  2. (transitive) to tread (a road)

Inflection
Conjugation of ḥwj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ḥw
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
ḥwt, ḥwj
 ḥww, ḥw
 ḥwt, ḥwwt, ḥwyt
 ḥw
 ḥw, ḥwy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
ḥw8
 ḥr ḥwt, ḥr ḥwj
 m ḥwt, m ḥwj
 r ḥwt, r ḥwj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect ḥw.n
 ḥww, ḥw, ḥwy
 consecutive ḥw.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative ḥwt, ḥwyt
perfective3 ḥw
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 ḥw.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective ḥw, ḥwy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 ḥww, ḥw, ḥwy
 ḥww, ḥw, ḥwy
 potentialis1 ḥw.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive ḥw, ḥwy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect ḥw.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective ḥww1, ḥwy, ḥw
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 ḥw
 ḥwy, ḥw
imperfective ḥw, ḥwy, ḥww5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 ḥw, ḥwj6, ḥwy6
 ḥw, ḥww5
prospective ḥww1, ḥwy, ḥw, ḥwtj7
 — ḥwwtj1 4, ḥwtj4, ḥwt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥwj  
HA25A24
HA24
HD40
ḥwj ḥj ḥj

Derived terms

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 251, 253.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 98
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