ปฏิรูป

Thai

Etymology

From Pali paṭirūpa (“proper, beautiful, agreeable; forged, quack; representation, model; etc”), from paṭi (against, opposite; in response, back) + rūpa (“shape, form”); ultimately from Sanskrit प्रतिरूप (pratirūpa, idem), from प्रति (prati, idem) + रूप (rūpa, idem); equivalent to Thai ปฏิ (bpà-dtì) +‎ รูป (rûup). Compare English reform.

Pronunciation
Orthographicปฏิรูป
p ʈ i r ū p
Phonemic
ปะ-ติ-รูบ
p a – t i – r ū ɓ
[bound form]
ปะ-ติ-รู-ปะ-
p a – t i – r ū – p a –
RomanizationPaiboonbpà-dtì-rûupbpà-dtì-ruu-bpà-
Royal Institutepa-ti-ruppa-ti-ru-pa-
(standard) IPA(key)/pa˨˩.ti˨˩.ruːp̚˥˩/(R)/pa˨˩.ti˨˩.ruː˧.pa˨˩./

Adjective

ปฏิรูป • (bpà-dtì-rûup)

  1. (elegant) proper; appropriate; suitable; agreeable.
    ปฏิรูปเทส
    bpà-dtì-ruu-bpà têet
    proper location; proper locality
  2. (elegant) false; fake; feigned; forged.
    มิตรปฏิรูป
    mít bpà-dtì-rûup
    false friend

Verb

ปฏิรูป • (bpà-dtì-rûup) (abstract noun การปฏิรูป)

  1. to reform: to change to a better form, state, etc; to improve by alteration, abolition, etc.
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