দুঃখ

See also: দেখা

Bengali

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit দুঃখ (duḥkha), a Prakritism from earlier दुःस्थ (duḥstha, poor), from दुस्- (dus-, bad) + स्था (sthā, to stand). Cognate with Assamese দুঃখ (duhkho), Odia ଦୁଃଖ (duḥkhô), Hindustani دکھ / दुःख (duḥkh), Nepali दुःख (duḥkh). Doublet of দুখ (dukh).

Pronunciation

  • (Rarh) IPA(key): /d̪ukʰːo/, [ˈd̪ukʰːoˑ]
    (file)
  • (Dhaka) IPA(key): /d̪ukʰːo/, [ˈd̪ukʰːoˑ]
    (file)

Noun

দুঃখ • (dukkho)

  1. sorrow, grief, pain, regret
    দুঃখ করাdukkho korato regret, grieve, suffer pain, be in distress
    দুঃখ দেওয়াdukkho deōẇato cause regret, to grieve, to afflict, pain, distress
    দুঃখে পড়াdukkhe poṛato run into trouble, to encounter distress
  2. pain, inflammation

Declension

Inflection of দুঃখ
nominative দুঃখ
dukkhô
objective দুঃখ / দুঃখকে
dukkho (semantically general or indefinite) / dukkhoke (semantically definite)
genitive দুঃখের
dukkher
locative দুঃখে
dukkhe
Indefinite forms
nominative দুঃখ
dukkhô
objective দুঃখ / দুঃখকে
dukkho (semantically general or indefinite) / dukkhoke (semantically definite)
genitive দুঃখের
dukkher
locative দুঃখে
dukkhe
Definite forms
singular plural
nominative দুঃখটি, দুঃখটা
dukkhôṭi, dukkhôṭa
দুঃখগুলি, দুঃখগুলা, দুঃখগুলো
dukkhoguli, dukkhogula, dukkhogulō
objective দুঃখটি, দুঃখটা
dukkhôṭi, dukkhôṭa
দুঃখগুলি, দুঃখগুলা, দুঃখগুলো
dukkhoguli, dukkhogula, dukkhogulō
genitive দুঃখটির, দুঃখটার
dukkhoṭir, dukkhoṭar
দুঃখগুলির, দুঃখগুলার, দুঃখগুলোর
dukkhogulir, dukkhogular, dukkhogulōr
locative দুঃখটিতে, দুঃখটাতে, দুঃখটায়
dukkhoṭite, dukkhoṭate, dukkhoṭaẏ
দুঃখগুলিতে, দুঃখগুলাতে, দুঃখগুলায়, দুঃখগুলোতে
dukkhogulite, dukkhogulate, dukkhogulaẏ, dukkhogulōte
Objective Note: In some dialects -রে (-re) marks this case instead of -কে (-ke).

Derived terms

  • দুঃখকর (dukkhokor)
  • দুঃখজনক (dukkhojonok)
  • দুঃখদ (dukkhod)
  • দুঃখদায়ক (dukkhodaẏok)
  • দুঃখদায়ী (dukkhodaẏi)
  • দুঃখদারিদ্র (dukkhodaridro)
  • দুঃখপ্রদ (dukkhoprod)
  • দুঃখবাদ (dukkhobad)
  • দুঃখবাদী (dukkhobadi)
  • দুঃখভাগী (dukkhobhagi)
  • দুঃখভোগ (dukkhobhōg)
  • দুঃখময় (dukkhomoẏ)
  • দুঃখমোচন (dukkhomōcon)
  • দুঃখসহিষ্ণু (dukkhośohiśnu)
  • দুঃখসাগর (dukkhośagor)
  • দুঃখহর (dukkhohor)
  • দুঃখহারী (dukkhohari)

References

  • Subhasha Bhattacarya, Sailendra Biswas, Sailendra Biswas, and Jnanendramohana Dasa (2022) “দুঃখ”, in Digital Dictionaries of South India [Combined Bengali Dictionaries]
  • Accessible Dictionary, Bengali-English, দুঃখ, Government of Bangladesh
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