श्वास

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit श्वास (śvāsá). Doublet of सांस (sāns).

Pronunciation

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʃʋɑːs/, [ʃʋäːs]

Noun

श्वास • (śvās) m

breath, breathing
Synonym: सांस (sāns)

Declension

Declension of श्वास (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	श्वास śvās	श्वास śvās
oblique	श्वास śvās	श्वासों śvāsõ
vocative	श्वास śvās	श्वासो śvāso

Konkani

Etymology

From Sanskrit श्वास (śvāsá).

Noun

श्वास • (śvās) (Latin script xvas, Kannada script ಶ್ವಾಸ)

breath, breathing

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

শ্বাস (Assamese script)
ᬰ᭄ᬯᬵᬲ (Balinese script)
শ্বাস (Bengali script)
𑰫𑰿𑰪𑰯𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀰𑁆𑀯𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
ၐွာသ (Burmese script)
શ્વાસ (Gujarati script)
ਸ਼ੑਵਾਸ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌶𑍍𑌵𑌾𑌸 (Grantha script)
ꦯ꧀ꦮꦴꦱ (Javanese script)
𑂬𑂹𑂫𑂰𑂮 (Kaithi script)
ಶ್ವಾಸ (Kannada script)
ឝ្វាស (Khmer script)
ຨ຺ວາສ (Lao script)
ശ്വാസ (Malayalam script)
ᡧᠣᠸᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘫𑘿𑘪𑘰𑘭 (Modi script)
ᠱᢦ᠎ᠠᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧋𑧠𑧊𑧑𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
𑐱𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐳 (Newa script)
ଶ୍ଵାସ (Odia script)
ꢯ꣄ꢮꢵꢱ (Saurashtra script)
𑆯𑇀𑆮𑆳𑆱 (Sharada script)
𑖫𑖿𑖪𑖯𑖭 (Siddham script)
ශ‍්වාස (Sinhalese script)
𑩿 𑪙𑩾𑩛𑪁 (Soyombo script)
𑚧𑚶𑚦𑚭𑚨 (Takri script)
ஶ்வாஸ (Tamil script)
శ్వాస (Telugu script)
ศฺวาส (Thai script)
ཤྭཱ་ས (Tibetan script)
𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒰𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
𑨮𑩇𑨭𑨊𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwāsás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwos-ó-s, from *ḱwes- (“to pant, puff, sigh”). Cognate with Pashto ساه (sāh, “breath, blow, puff, soul, spirit, essence”), Baluchi (sáh, “breath, blow, essence”), Latin queror. Compare also English quarrel, wheeze, from Latin and Old Norse, respectively.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕʋɑː.sɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɕʋɑː.s̪ɐ/

Noun

श्वास • (śvāsa) stem, m

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of श्वास (śvāsa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	श्वासः śvāsaḥ	श्वासौ / श्वासा¹ śvāsau / śvāsā¹	श्वासाः / श्वासासः¹ śvāsāḥ / śvāsāsaḥ¹
Vocative	श्वास śvāsa	श्वासौ / श्वासा¹ śvāsau / śvāsā¹	श्वासाः / श्वासासः¹ śvāsāḥ / śvāsāsaḥ¹
Accusative	श्वासम् śvāsam	श्वासौ / श्वासा¹ śvāsau / śvāsā¹	श्वासान् śvāsān
Instrumental	श्वासेन śvāsena	श्वासाभ्याम् śvāsābhyām	श्वासैः / श्वासेभिः¹ śvāsaiḥ / śvāsebhiḥ¹
Dative	श्वासाय śvāsāya	श्वासाभ्याम् śvāsābhyām	श्वासेभ्यः śvāsebhyaḥ
Ablative	श्वासात् śvāsāt	श्वासाभ्याम् śvāsābhyām	श्वासेभ्यः śvāsebhyaḥ
Genitive	श्वासस्य śvāsasya	श्वासयोः śvāsayoḥ	श्वासानाम् śvāsānām
Locative	श्वासे śvāse	श्वासयोः śvāsayoḥ	श्वासेषु śvāseṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

उच्छ्वास (ucchvāsa)
निःश्वास (niḥśvāsa)
- Magadhi Prakrit:
  - Middle Bengali: নিশাস (niśās)
    - Bengali: নিশাস (niśaś)
  - Early Assamese: নিশাস (niśaso)
    - Assamese: নিশাহ (nixah)
  - Rohingya: niác

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kamkata-viri: sāh
- Kashmiri: شَاہ, ہَاہ
- Shina: سا (sā)
- Torwali: sā
- Wotapuri-Katarqalai: sā
Pali: sāsa
Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀲 (sāsa)
- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀲 (sāsa)
    - Awadhi: साँस (sā̃s)
    - Old Gujarati:
      - Gujarati: સાસ (sās), હાઁસ (hām̐s)
      - Rajasthani:
        Marwari: साँसो (sā̃so)
    - Hindustani: sāns
      Hindi: सांस, साँस
      
      Urdu: سانس
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Odia: ସାସ (sasô)
    - Bihari:
      - Bhojpuri: साँस (sā̃s)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Central Pahari:
      - Garhwali: सास (sās)
      - Kumaoni: सास (sās)
    - Eastern Pahari:
      - Nepali: सास (sās)
- Southern:
  - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀲 (sāsa)
    - Old Marathi: 𑘭𑘻𑘭 / सोस (sosa)
- Western:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Punjabi: sāh
        Gurmukhi script: ਸਾਹ
        
        Shahmukhi script: سَاہ
        
        Lahnda:
        Southern Hindko: ساہ (sāh)
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi: sāhu
        Arabic script: سَاهُ
        
        Devanagari script: साहु
        
        Jadgali: [script needed] (śāh)
→ Assamese: শ্বাস (sax) (learned)
→ Bengali: শ্বাস (śśaś) (learned)
→ Dhivehi: ހުވާސް (huvās) (learned)
→ Hindi: श्वास (śvās) (learned)
→ Kannada: ಶ್ವಾಸ (śvāsa)
→ Konkani: श्वास (śvās) (learned)
→ Marathi: श्वास (śvās) (learned)
→ Punjabi: ਸ੍ਵਾਸ (svās) (learned)
→ Sinhalese: ශ්වාස (śwāsa) (learned)
→ Telugu: శ్వాస (śvāsa)

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