राशि

Hindi

Etymology

Sanskrit राशि (rāśi)

Pronunciation
  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ɾɑː.ʃiː/, [ɾäː.ʃiː]

Noun

राशि • (rāśi) f

  1. amount, quantity
  2. (mathematics) variable
    इस समीकरण में केवल एक राशि है।
    is samīkaraṇ mẽ keval ek rāśi hai.
    There is only one variable in this equation.
  3. (arithmetic) sum, total
  4. astrological sign, zodiac sign

Declension
Declension of राशि (fem i-stem)
singular plural
direct राशि
rāśi		 राशियाँ
rāśiyā̃
oblique राशि
rāśi		 राशियों
rāśiyõ
vocative राशि
rāśi		 राशियो
rāśiyo

Sanskrit

Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
  • ৰাশি (Assamese script)
  • ᬭᬵᬰᬶ (Balinese script)
  • রাশি (Bengali script)
  • 𑰨𑰯𑰫𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀭𑀸𑀰𑀺 (Brahmi script)
  • ရာၐိ (Burmese script)
  • રાશિ (Gujarati script)
  • ਰਾਸ਼ਿ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌰𑌾𑌶𑌿 (Grantha script)
  • ꦫꦴꦯꦶ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂩𑂰𑂬𑂱 (Kaithi script)
  • ರಾಶಿ (Kannada script)
  • រាឝិ (Khmer script)
  • ຣາຨິ (Lao script)
  • രാശി (Malayalam script)
  • ᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡧᡳ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘨𑘰𑘫𑘱 (Modi script)
  • ᠷᠠᢗᠱᠢ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑧈𑧑𑧋𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐬𑐵𑐱𑐶 (Newa script)
  • ରାଶି (Odia script)
  • ꢬꢵꢯꢶ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆫𑆳𑆯𑆴 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖨𑖯𑖫𑖰 (Siddham script)
  • රාශි (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩼𑩛𑩿𑩑 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚤𑚭𑚧𑚮 (Takri script)
  • ராஶி (Tamil script)
  • రాశి (Telugu script)
  • ราศิ (Thai script)
  • རཱ་ཤི (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒩𑒰𑒬𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨫𑨊𑨮𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *rāśíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rāćíš, from *rać- (“to bind, tie”).

Nussbaum (2016) rejects a connection to *rać- (“to bind, tie”) and instead connects the Indo-Iranian term with Latin locuplēs (“wealthy”), reconstructing Proto-Indo-European *loḱis as ancestral to the two.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

राशि • (rāśí) stem, m or f

  1. a heap, mass, pile, group, multitude, quantity, number (RV.)
    • RV 8.85.8b
      तरिः षष्टिस्त्वा मरुतो वाव्र्धाना उस्रा इव राशयो यज्ञियासः |
      उप तवेमः कर्धि नो भागधेयं शुष्मं त एना हविषा विधेम ||
      triḥ ṣaṣṭistvā maruto vāvṛdhānā usrā iva rāśayo yajñiyāsaḥ |
      upa tvemaḥ kṛdhi no bhāghadheyaṃ śuṣmaṃ ta enā haviṣā vidhema ||
      Thrice-sixty Maruts, waxing strong, were with thee, like piles of beaming light, worthy of worship.
      We come to thee: grant us a happy portion. Let us adore thy might with this oblation.
  2. (arithmetic) a sum or the figure or figures put down for an operation (such as multiplying, dividing) (Col.)
  3. a measure of quantity (= द्रोण (droṇa)) (ŚārṅgS.)
  4. a sign of the zodiac (as being a certain sum or quantity of degrees), one-twelfth part of the ecliptic, an astrological house (MBh., VarBṛS. etc.) (compare IW. 178)
  5. a heap of corn (L.)
  6. name of an एकाह (ekāha) (ŚrS.)

Declension
Masculine i-stem declension of राशि (rāśí)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative राशिः
rāśíḥ		 राशी
rāśī́		 राशयः
rāśáyaḥ
Vocative राशे
rā́śe		 राशी
rā́śī		 राशयः
rā́śayaḥ
Accusative राशिम्
rāśím		 राशी
rāśī́		 राशीन्
rāśī́n
Instrumental राशिना / राश्या¹
rāśínā / rāśyā́¹		 राशिभ्याम्
rāśíbhyām		 राशिभिः
rāśíbhiḥ
Dative राशये
rāśáye		 राशिभ्याम्
rāśíbhyām		 राशिभ्यः
rāśíbhyaḥ
Ablative राशेः / राश्यः¹
rāśéḥ / rāśyáḥ¹		 राशिभ्याम्
rāśíbhyām		 राशिभ्यः
rāśíbhyaḥ
Genitive राशेः / राश्यः¹
rāśéḥ / rāśyáḥ¹		 राश्योः
rāśyóḥ		 राशीनाम्
rāśīnā́m
Locative राशौ / राशा¹
rāśaú / rāśā́¹		 राश्योः
rāśyóḥ		 राशिषु
rāśíṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine i-stem declension of राशि (rāśí)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative राशिः
rāśíḥ		 राशी
rāśī́		 राशयः
rāśáyaḥ
Vocative राशे
rā́śe		 राशी
rā́śī		 राशयः
rā́śayaḥ
Accusative राशिम्
rāśím		 राशी
rāśī́		 राशीः
rāśī́ḥ
Instrumental राश्या / राशी¹
rāśyā́ / rāśī́¹		 राशिभ्याम्
rāśíbhyām		 राशिभिः
rāśíbhiḥ
Dative राशये / राश्यै² / राशी¹
rāśáye / rāśyaí² / rāśī́¹		 राशिभ्याम्
rāśíbhyām		 राशिभ्यः
rāśíbhyaḥ
Ablative राशेः / राश्याः² / राश्यै³
rāśéḥ / rāśyā́ḥ² / rāśyaí³		 राशिभ्याम्
rāśíbhyām		 राशिभ्यः
rāśíbhyaḥ
Genitive राशेः / राश्याः² / राश्यै³
rāśéḥ / rāśyā́ḥ² / rāśyaí³		 राश्योः
rāśyóḥ		 राशीनाम्
rāśīnā́m
Locative राशौ / राश्याम्² / राशा¹
rāśaú / rāśyā́m² / rāśā́¹		 राश्योः
rāśyóḥ		 राशिषु
rāśíṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Later Sanskrit
  • ³Brāhmaṇas

Derived terms

Descendants
Descendants
  • Pali: rāsi
  • Central:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit:
      • Gujarati: રાસ (rās)
      • Hindustani:
      • Old Awadhi: रासी (rāsī, “heap”)
  • Dardic:
    • Khowar: رش (raš)
    • Shina: لا (lā), [script needed] (laiε, “heap”)
  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit:
      • Bengali: রাস (raś), রাশি (raśi)
      • Bihari: रास (“heap of grain after winnowing”)
        • Maithili: रास (rās, “heap”), रासि (rāsɨ, “large milkpail”)
      • Odia: ରାସି (rasi)
  • Northern:
  • Southern:
  • Western:
    • Paisaci Prakrit:
      • Sindhi: rāhi
        • Arabic script: رَاهِ
        • Devanagari script: राहि
  • → Khmer: រាសី (riəsəy)
  • → Malayalam: രാശി (rāśi)
  • → Tamil: இராசி (irāci)
  • → Telugu: రాశి (rāśi)

References
  1. Nussbaum, Alan J. (2016) “Replacing locus ‘place’ in Latin locuplēs”, in Dieter Gunkel, Joshua T. Katz, Brent Vine, Michael Weiss, editors, Sahasram Ati Srajas: Indo-Iranian and Indo-European Studies in Honor of Stephanie W. Jamison‎, Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, retrieved June 5, 2023

Further reading
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