मर्कट
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
- মৰ্কট (Assamese script)
- ᬫᬃᬓᬝ (Balinese script)
- মর্কট (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰨𑰿𑰎𑰘 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀭𑁆𑀓𑀝 (Brahmi script)
- မရ်္ကဋ (Burmese script)
- મર્કટ (Gujarati script)
- ਮਰ੍ਕਟ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌮𑌰𑍍𑌕𑌟 (Grantha script)
- ꦩꦂꦏꦛ (Javanese script)
- 𑂧𑂩𑂹𑂍𑂗 (Kaithi script)
- ಮರ್ಕಟ (Kannada script)
- មក៌ដ (Khmer script)
- ມຣ຺ກຏ (Lao script)
- മര്കട (Malayalam script)
- ᠮᠠᡵᡬᠠᢞᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘦𑘨𑘿𑘎𑘘 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠠᠷᢉᠠᢌᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧆𑧈𑧠𑦮𑦸 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐬𑑂𑐎𑐚 (Newa script)
- ମର୍କଟ (Odia script)
- ꢪꢬ꣄ꢒꢜ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆫𑇀𑆑𑆛 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖨𑖿𑖎𑖘 (Siddham script)
- මර්කට (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩴𑩼 𑪙𑩜𑩦 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚢𑚤𑚶𑚊𑚔 (Takri script)
- மர்கட (Tamil script)
- మర్కట (Telugu script)
- มรฺกฏ (Thai script)
- མ་རྐ་ཊ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒩𑓂𑒏𑒙 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨢𑨫𑩇𑨋𑨔 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology 1
Of uncertain origin.
Burrow and Gundert take the word as borrowed from Dravidian; compare Kannada ಮಂಗ (maṅga, “ape”).
Kuiper proposes the possibility of the word being a prefixed form of a Munda term that also gave rise to किट (kiṭa, “a kind of ape”).
Similarities to Chinese 沐猴 (mùhóu, “macaque”) / 母猴 (mǔhóu, “female monkey”) have also been noted, with the ultimate source language perhaps lost to history.
Finally, some have connected the word to German Meerkatze (“guenon (a kind of monkey)”) and English meerkat; note however the form of Old High German merikazza, so any influence from Indo-Aryan would have to be exceptionally early.
The "type of bird" meaning listed by lexicographers is probably from a misinterpretation of the "monkey" meaning .
Noun
मर्कट • (markaṭa) stem, m
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of मर्कट (markaṭa) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | मर्कटः markaṭaḥ |
मर्कटौ / मर्कटा¹ markaṭau / markaṭā¹ |
मर्कटाः / मर्कटासः¹ markaṭāḥ / markaṭāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | मर्कट markaṭa |
मर्कटौ / मर्कटा¹ markaṭau / markaṭā¹ |
मर्कटाः / मर्कटासः¹ markaṭāḥ / markaṭāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | मर्कटम् markaṭam |
मर्कटौ / मर्कटा¹ markaṭau / markaṭā¹ |
मर्कटान् markaṭān |
| Instrumental | मर्कटेन markaṭena |
मर्कटाभ्याम् markaṭābhyām |
मर्कटैः / मर्कटेभिः¹ markaṭaiḥ / markaṭebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | मर्कटाय markaṭāya |
मर्कटाभ्याम् markaṭābhyām |
मर्कटेभ्यः markaṭebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | मर्कटात् markaṭāt |
मर्कटाभ्याम् markaṭābhyām |
मर्कटेभ्यः markaṭebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | मर्कटस्य markaṭasya |
मर्कटयोः markaṭayoḥ |
मर्कटानाम् markaṭānām |
| Locative | मर्कटे markaṭe |
मर्कटयोः markaṭayoḥ |
मर्कटेषु markaṭeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of मर्कट (markaṭa) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | मर्कटम् markaṭam |
मर्कटे markaṭe |
मर्कटानि / मर्कटा¹ markaṭāni / markaṭā¹ |
| Vocative | मर्कट markaṭa |
मर्कटे markaṭe |
मर्कटानि / मर्कटा¹ markaṭāni / markaṭā¹ |
| Accusative | मर्कटम् markaṭam |
मर्कटे markaṭe |
मर्कटानि / मर्कटा¹ markaṭāni / markaṭā¹ |
| Instrumental | मर्कटेन markaṭena |
मर्कटाभ्याम् markaṭābhyām |
मर्कटैः / मर्कटेभिः¹ markaṭaiḥ / markaṭebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | मर्कटाय markaṭāya |
मर्कटाभ्याम् markaṭābhyām |
मर्कटेभ्यः markaṭebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | मर्कटात् markaṭāt |
मर्कटाभ्याम् markaṭābhyām |
मर्कटेभ्यः markaṭebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | मर्कटस्य markaṭasya |
मर्कटयोः markaṭayoḥ |
मर्कटानाम् markaṭānām |
| Locative | मर्कटे markaṭe |
मर्कटयोः markaṭayoḥ |
मर्कटेषु markaṭeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Etymology 2
Of uncertain origin. Not related to Etymology 1 above.
Has been suggested to be a prefixed form of a Munda word of the form *कोडिक (koḍika), whose form has been preserved in कोलिक (kolika, “weaver”) and Tamil கோடிகர் (kōṭikar, “weaver”).
Alternatively, a hypercorrection of Middle Indic *मक्कट (makkaṭa) under influence from कर्कट (karkaṭa), with Turner linking the word to मत्कोटक (matkoṭaka) and मत्कुण (matkuṇa).
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of मर्कट (markaṭa) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | मर्कटः markaṭaḥ |
मर्कटौ / मर्कटा¹ markaṭau / markaṭā¹ |
मर्कटाः / मर्कटासः¹ markaṭāḥ / markaṭāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | मर्कट markaṭa |
मर्कटौ / मर्कटा¹ markaṭau / markaṭā¹ |
मर्कटाः / मर्कटासः¹ markaṭāḥ / markaṭāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | मर्कटम् markaṭam |
मर्कटौ / मर्कटा¹ markaṭau / markaṭā¹ |
मर्कटान् markaṭān |
| Instrumental | मर्कटेन markaṭena |
मर्कटाभ्याम् markaṭābhyām |
मर्कटैः / मर्कटेभिः¹ markaṭaiḥ / markaṭebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | मर्कटाय markaṭāya |
मर्कटाभ्याम् markaṭābhyām |
मर्कटेभ्यः markaṭebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | मर्कटात् markaṭāt |
मर्कटाभ्याम् markaṭābhyām |
मर्कटेभ्यः markaṭebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | मर्कटस्य markaṭasya |
मर्कटयोः markaṭayoḥ |
मर्कटानाम् markaṭānām |
| Locative | मर्कटे markaṭe |
मर्कटयोः markaṭayoḥ |
मर्कटेषु markaṭeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “मर्क्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 791/1.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “मर्कट”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 322-323
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 390-391
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 273
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 592-593
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kōlika”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press