दारुण

Pali

Alternative forms

dāruṇa (Latin script)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀼𑀡 (Brahmi script)
দারুণ (Bengali script)
දාරුණ (Sinhalese script)
ဒါရုဏ or ၻႃရုꧣ (Burmese script)
ทารุณ or ทารุณะ (Thai script)
ᨴᩤᩁᩩᨱ (Tai Tham script)
ທາຣຸຓ or ທາຣຸຓະ or ທາລຸນະ (Lao script)
ទារុណ (Khmer script)
𑄘𑄂𑄢𑄪𑄕 (Chakma script)

Adjective

दारुण

Devanagari script form of dāruṇa (“firm”)

Declension

Declension table of "दारुण" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	दारुणो (dāruṇo)	दारुणा (dāruṇā)
Accusative (second)	दारुणं (dāruṇaṃ)	दारुणे (dāruṇe)
Instrumental (third)	दारुणेन (dāruṇena)	दारुणेहि (dāruṇehi) or दारुणेभि (dāruṇebhi)
Dative (fourth)	दारुणस्स (dāruṇassa) or दारुणाय (dāruṇāya) or दारुणत्थं (dāruṇatthaṃ)	दारुणानं (dāruṇānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	दारुणस्मा (dāruṇasmā) or दारुणम्हा (dāruṇamhā) or दारुणा (dāruṇā)	दारुणेहि (dāruṇehi) or दारुणेभि (dāruṇebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	दारुणस्स (dāruṇassa)	दारुणानं (dāruṇānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	दारुणस्मिं (dāruṇasmiṃ) or दारुणम्हि (dāruṇamhi) or दारुणे (dāruṇe)	दारुणेसु (dāruṇesu)
Vocative (calling)	दारुण (dāruṇa)	दारुणा (dāruṇā)

Declension table of "दारुण" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	दारुणं (dāruṇaṃ)	दारुणानि (dāruṇāni)
Accusative (second)	दारुणं (dāruṇaṃ)	दारुणानि (dāruṇāni)
Instrumental (third)	दारुणेन (dāruṇena)	दारुणेहि (dāruṇehi) or दारुणेभि (dāruṇebhi)
Dative (fourth)	दारुणस्स (dāruṇassa) or दारुणाय (dāruṇāya) or दारुणत्थं (dāruṇatthaṃ)	दारुणानं (dāruṇānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	दारुणस्मा (dāruṇasmā) or दारुणम्हा (dāruṇamhā) or दारुणा (dāruṇā)	दारुणेहि (dāruṇehi) or दारुणेभि (dāruṇebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	दारुणस्स (dāruṇassa)	दारुणानं (dāruṇānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	दारुणस्मिं (dāruṇasmiṃ) or दारुणम्हि (dāruṇamhi) or दारुणे (dāruṇe)	दारुणेसु (dāruṇesu)
Vocative (calling)	दारुण (dāruṇa)	दारुणानि (dāruṇāni)

Sanskrit

Etymology

From दारु (dāru, “wood”). Initially referred to the hardness and roughness of wood, later changing to mean the following emotional states and situations.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /dɑː.ɾu.ɳɐ́/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈd̪ɑː.ɾu.ɳɐ/
(Vedic) IPA^(key): /dɑ́ː.ɾu.ɳɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈd̪ɑː.ɾu.ɳɐ/

Adjective

दारुण • (dāruṇá, dā́ruṇa) stem

hard, harsh (antonym of mṛdú)
rough, sharp, severe, cruel, pitiless
dreadful, frightful
intense, violent
( in comp. or [ °am ] before a vb. to express excellence or superiority cf. g. [ kāṣṭhādi ] )

Noun

दारुण • (dāruṇa) stem, n

harshness, severity, horror

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of दारुण (dāruṇa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	दारुणम् dāruṇam	दारुणे dāruṇe	दारुणानि / दारुणा¹ dāruṇāni / dāruṇā¹
Vocative	दारुण dāruṇa	दारुणे dāruṇe	दारुणानि / दारुणा¹ dāruṇāni / dāruṇā¹
Accusative	दारुणम् dāruṇam	दारुणे dāruṇe	दारुणानि / दारुणा¹ dāruṇāni / dāruṇā¹
Instrumental	दारुणेन dāruṇena	दारुणाभ्याम् dāruṇābhyām	दारुणैः / दारुणेभिः¹ dāruṇaiḥ / dāruṇebhiḥ¹
Dative	दारुणाय dāruṇāya	दारुणाभ्याम् dāruṇābhyām	दारुणेभ्यः dāruṇebhyaḥ
Ablative	दारुणात् dāruṇāt	दारुणाभ्याम् dāruṇābhyām	दारुणेभ्यः dāruṇebhyaḥ
Genitive	दारुणस्य dāruṇasya	दारुणयोः dāruṇayoḥ	दारुणानाम् dāruṇānām
Locative	दारुणे dāruṇe	दारुणयोः dāruṇayoḥ	दारुणेषु dāruṇeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

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