कावळा
See also: कावळो
Marathi
एक कावळा
Etymology
Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘎𑘰𑘄𑘯𑘰 (kāuḷā), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀅 (kāa) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀮- (-la-) + -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit काक (kāka). Cognate with Assamese কাউৰী (kauri), Gujarati કાગડો (kāgḍo), Hindi कौआ (kauā), Konkani कावळो (kāvḷo), Sylheti ꠇꠣꠅꠅꠣ (xaooa).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kaʋ.ɭ̆a/
Declension
| Declension of कावळा (masc ā-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
कावळा kāvḷā | ||
| direct plural |
कावळे kāvḷe | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
कावळा kāvḷā |
कावळे kāvḷe | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
कावळ्या kāvḷyā |
कावळ्यां- kāvḷyān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
कावळ्याला kāvḷyālā |
कावळ्यांना kāvḷyānnā | |
| ergative | कावळ्याने, कावळ्यानं kāvḷyāne, kāvḷyāna |
कावळ्यांनी kāvḷyānnī | |
| instrumental | कावळ्याशी kāvḷyāśī |
कावळ्यांशी kāvḷyānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
कावळ्यात kāvḷyāt |
कावळ्यांत kāvḷyāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
कावळ्या kāvḷyā |
कावळ्यांनो kāvḷyānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of कावळा (masc ā-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
कावळ्याचा kāvḷyāċā |
कावळ्याचे kāvḷyāċe |
कावळ्याची kāvḷyācī |
कावळ्याच्या kāvḷyācā |
कावळ्याचे, कावळ्याचं kāvḷyāċe, kāvḷyāċa |
कावळ्याची kāvḷyācī |
कावळ्याच्या kāvḷyācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
कावळ्यांचा kāvḷyānċā |
कावळ्यांचे kāvḷyānċe |
कावळ्यांची kāvḷyāñcī |
कावळ्यांच्या kāvḷyāncā |
कावळ्यांचे, कावळ्यांचं kāvḷyānċe, kāvḷyānċa |
कावळ्यांची kāvḷyāñcī |
कावळ्यांच्या kāvḷyāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
References
- Berntsen, Maxine, “कावळा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “कावळा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “कावळा”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kāˊka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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