ܛܝܪܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
ܛܝܪܐ (ܚܝܘܬܐ)

Etymology 1
Root
ܛ ܘ ܪ (ṭ w r)
1 term

From Aramaic טַיְרָא (ṭayrā); compare the same in Arabic طَائِر (ṭāʔir).

Pronunciation
  • (standard) IPA(key): [tˤaj.rɑː]
  • (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [tˤeːrɑː]
  • (Tyari) IPA(key): [tˤaj.rɑ]

Noun

ܛܲܝܪܵܐ • (ṭayrā) m or f (plural ܛܲܝܪܹ̈ܐ (ṭayrē))

  1. bird (warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrate animal with feathers, wings, and a beak)
    ܛܲܝܪܵܐ ܒܛܘܼܪܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܒܸܙܡܵܪܵܐ.
    ṭayrā b-ṭūrā ìwā bizmārā.
    The bird was in the mountain singing.
    • Proverbs 27:8:
      ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܛܲܝܪܵܐ ܕܥܵܪܹܩ ܡ̣ܢ ܩܸܢܹܗ، ܗܵܕܟ݂ܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܕܥܵܪܹܩ ܡ̣ܢ ܒܲܝܬܹܗ.
      ayḵ ṭayrā d-ˁārēq min qinnēh, hādḵā ìlēh nāšā d-ˁārēq min baytēh.
      Like a bird that wanders from its nest, Is a man who wanders from his place.
    • Matthew 13:4:
      ܟܲܕ ܒܸܙܪܵܥܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܒܲܪܙܲܪܥܵܐ، ܐܝܼܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܕܢܦܝܼܠ ܠܹܗ ܥܲܠ ܡܲܪܙܵܐ ܕܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ، ܘܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܛܲܝܪܹ̈ܐ ܘܠܩܝܼܛ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܐܸܠܹܗ.
      kad bizrāˁā ìwā barzarˁā, īt wā d-npīl lēh ˁal marzā d-urḥā, w-tē lhōn ṭayrē w-l-qīṭ lhōn illēh.
      As he was scattering the seeds, some fell along the path, and the birds came and ate it up.
Usage notes

While this word is traditionally feminine, it is masculine in Iraqi Koine.

Inflection
Inflection of ܛܲܝܪܵܐ (ṭayrā)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܛܲܝܪܝܼ
(ṭayrī)		 ܛܲܝܪܲܢ
(ṭayran)
construct ܛܲܝܪ
(ṭayr)		 2nd person ܛܲܝܪܘܼܟ݂
(ṭayrūḵ)		 ܛܲܝܪܵܟ݂ܝ
(ṭayrāḵ)		 ܛܲܝܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ṭayrāwḵōn)
emphatic ܛܲܝܪܵܐ
(ṭayrā)		 3rd person ܛܲܝܪܹܗ
(ṭayrēh)		 ܛܲܝܪܵܗ̇
(ṭayrāh)		 ܛܲܝܪܗܘܿܢ
(ṭayrhōn)
plural absolute – 1st person ܛܲܝܪ̈ܝܼ
(ṭayrī)		 ܛܲܝܪ̈ܲܢ
(ṭayran)
construct ܛܲܝܪ̈ܲܝ
(ṭayray)		 2nd person ܛܲܝܪ̈ܘܼܟ݂
(ṭayrūḵ)		 ܛܲܝܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝ
(ṭayrāḵ)		 ܛܲܝܪ̈ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ṭayrāwḵōn)
emphatic ܛܲܝܪܹ̈ܐ
(ṭayrē)		 3rd person ܛܲܝܪ̈ܘܼܗܝ
(ṭayrūh)		 ܛܲܝܪ̈ܘܿܗ̇
(ṭayrōh)		 ܛܲܝܪ̈ܗܘܿܢ
(ṭayrhōn)

Etymology 2
ܛܝܪܐ (ܓܘܡܢܐ ܕܥܪ̈ܒܐ)

From Aramaic טְיָרָא (ṭyārā); related to Hebrew טִירָה (tirá).

Pronunciation
  • (standard) IPA(key): [tˤ(ə).jɑːrɑː]

Noun

ܛܝܵܪܵܐ • (ṭyārā) m (plural ܛܝܵܪܹ̈ܐ (ṭyārē))

  1. sheepfold, enclosure
    ܐܲܟܵܪܵܐ ܘܪܵܥܝܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܢܵܛܪܝܼ ܒܲܕ̈ܠܹܐ ܥܲܠ ܥܸܪ̈ܒܗܘܿܢ ܘܒܸܩܪܗܘܿܢ ܚܒ݂ܝܼܫܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܛܝܵܪܵܐ.
    The farmer and shepherd watch over their sheep and cattle enclosed in the sheepfold.
Inflection
Inflection of ܛܝܵܪܵܐ (ṭyārā)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܛܝܵܪܝܼ
(ṭyārī)		 ܛܝܵܪܲܢ
(ṭyāran)
construct ܛܝܵܪ
(ṭyār)		 2nd person ܛܝܵܪܘܼܟ݂
(ṭyārūḵ)		 ܛܝܵܪܵܟ݂ܝ
(ṭyārāḵ)		 ܛܝܵܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ṭyārāwḵōn)
emphatic ܛܝܵܪܵܐ
(ṭyārā)		 3rd person ܛܝܵܪܹܗ
(ṭyārēh)		 ܛܝܵܪܵܗ̇
(ṭyārāh)		 ܛܝܵܪܗܘܿܢ
(ṭyārhōn)
plural absolute – 1st person ܛܝܵܪ̈ܝܼ
(ṭyārī)		 ܛܝܵܪ̈ܲܢ
(ṭyāran)
construct ܛܝܵܪ̈ܲܝ
(ṭyāray)		 2nd person ܛܝܵܪ̈ܘܼܟ݂
(ṭyārūḵ)		 ܛܝܵܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝ
(ṭyārāḵ)		 ܛܝܵܪ̈ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ṭyārāwḵōn)
emphatic ܛܝܵܪܹ̈ܐ
(ṭyārē)		 3rd person ܛܝܵܪ̈ܘܼܗܝ
(ṭyārūh)		 ܛܝܵܪ̈ܘܿܗ̇
(ṭyārōh)		 ܛܝܵܪ̈ܗܘܿܢ
(ṭyārhōn)

Etymology 3

Literally, “The sheepfolds”. From the plural of the above, referring to them being renowned for their textiles spun and woven from sheep's wool, and their yogurt, cheese and other dairy products made from sheep or goat's milk.

Pronunciation
  • (standard) IPA(key): [tˤ(ə).jɑːreː]
  • (Tyari) IPA(key): [tˤ(ə).jɑːreː], [tjɑːreː]

Proper noun

ܛܝܵܪܹ̈ܐ • (ṭyārē) f

  1. Tyari (Assyrian tribe and district within Hakkari on the western bank of the Zab river, traditionally divided into Upper and Lower Tyari)
    Meronyms: ܛܝܵܪܹܐ ܥܸܠܵܝܬܵܐ (ṭyārē ˁillāytā, “Upper Tyari”), ܛܝܵܪܹܐ ܬܲܚܬܵܝܬܵܐ (ṭyārē taḥtāytā, “Lower Tyari”)
Derived terms
  • ܛܝܵܪܵܝܵܐ (ṭyārāyā)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܛ-ܘ-ܪ (ṭ-w-r) related to flying. Compare Arabic طَيْر (ṭayr).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [tˤajrɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
  • IPA(key): [tˤajre(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܛܝܪܐ • (ṭayrā) f (plural ܛܝܪܐ)

  1. bird (especially bird of prey), birds
    Synonyms: ܨܦܪܐ, ܦܪܚܬܐ, ܥܘܦܐ, ܚܛܘܦܐ, ܦܪܘܚܐ
  2. winged insect
Inflection
    inflection of ܛܝܪܐ
state singular plural
absolute ܛܝܪ ܛܝܪܝܢ
construct ܛܝܪ ܛܝܪܝ
emphatic ܛܝܪܐ ܛܝܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܛܝܪܝ ܛܝܪܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܛܝܪܟ ܛܝܪܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܛܝܪܟܝ ܛܝܪܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܛܝܪܗ ܛܝܪܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܛܝܪܗ ܛܝܪܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܛܝܪܢ ܛܝܪܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܛܝܪܟܘܢ ܛܝܪܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܛܝܪܟܝܢ ܛܝܪܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܛܝܪܗܘܢ ܛܝܪܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܛܝܪܗܝܢ ܛܝܪܝܗܝܢ

Proper noun

ܛܝܪܐ • (transliteration needed) f

  1. (astronomy) name of a star

Etymology 2

Compare Hebrew טִירָה (ṭîrâ).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [tˤ(ə)jɑrɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
  • IPA(key): [tˤ(ə)jɑre(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܛܝܪܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܛܝܪܐ)

  1. hurdle
  2. enclosure, sheepfold
  3. flock, herd
  4. convent
Inflection
    inflection of ܛܝܪܐ
state singular plural
absolute ܛܝܪ ܛܝܪܝܢ
construct ܛܝܪ ܛܝܪܝ
emphatic ܛܝܪܐ ܛܝܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܛܝܪܝ ܛܝܪܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܛܝܪܟ ܛܝܪܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܛܝܪܟܝ ܛܝܪܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܛܝܪܗ ܛܝܪܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܛܝܪܗ ܛܝܪܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܛܝܪܢ ܛܝܪܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܛܝܪܟܘܢ ܛܝܪܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܛܝܪܟܝܢ ܛܝܪܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܛܝܪܗܘܢ ܛܝܪܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܛܝܪܗܝܢ ܛܝܪܝܗܝܢ

References
  • “ṭyr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 126a
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 172b
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 527b-528a
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