ܚܘܒܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1
Root
ܚ ܒ ܒ (ḥ b b)
4 terms

Compare Arabic حُبّ (ḥubb).

Pronunciation
  • (standard) IPA(key): [ˈxub.bɑː]

Noun

ܚܘܼܒܵܐ • (ḥubbā) m

  1. love, affection
    Synonyms: ܪܸܚܡܬ݂ܵܐ (riḥmṯā), ܒܸܥܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (biˁyūṯā)
    • John 5:42:
      ܐܸܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܝܵܕ݂ܥܹܢ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ ܕܠܲܝܬ ܒܝܼܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ ܚܘܼܒܵܐ ܕܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ.
      illā kē yāḏˁēn lāwḵōn dlayt bīyāwḵōn ḥubbā d-allāhā.
      But I know you, that ye have not the love of God in you.
    • Romans 5:8:
      ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܡܘܼܚܙܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܚܘܼܒܹܗ ܐܸܠܲܢ، ܟܲܕ݂ ܚܲܛܵܝܹ̈ܐ ܝܘܲܚ ܗ݇ܘܵܘ، ܗܵܕܟ݂ܵܐ ܡܫܝܼܚܵܐ ܡܝܼܬ݂ ܠܹܗ ܡ̣ܢ ܓܹܒܲܢ.
      īnā allāhā muḥzē lēh ḥubbēh illan, kaḏ ḥaṭṭāyē ìwaḥ wā, hādḵā mšīḥā mīṯ lēh min gēban.
      But God demonstrates His own love toward us, in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us.
Inflection
Inflection of ܚܘܼܒܵܐ (ḥubbā)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܚܘܼܒܝܼ (ḥubbī) ܚܘܼܒܲܢ
(ḥubban)
construct ܚܘܼܒ
(ḥūb)		 2nd person ܚܘܼܒܘܼܟ݂
(ḥubbūḵ)		 ܚܘܼܒܵܟ݂ܝ
(ḥubbāḵ)		 ܚܘܼܒܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ḥubbāwḵōn)
emphatic ܚܘܼܒܵܐ
(ḥubbā)		 3rd person ܚܘܼܒܹܗ
(ḥubbēh)		 ܚܘܼܒܵܗ̇
(ḥubbāh)		 ܚܘܼܒܗܘܿܢ
(ḥubbhōn)
Derived terms

Cf. ܚܒ, ܚܘܼܒܵܐܝܼܬ, ܚܘܼܒܵܢܵܐܝܼܬ, ܚܘܼܒܵܢܵܝܘܼܬܵܐ, ܚܲܒܝܼܒ݂ܵܐ, ܚܘܼܒܵܢܵܐ, ܚܘܼܒܵܢܬܐܵ, ܐܲܚܸܒ݂, ܚܲܒܝܼܒ݂ܘܼܬܵܐ, ܚܘܼܒܘܼܟ݂, ܡܲܚܘܿܒܹܐ, ܡܵܪ ܚܘܒܵܐ, ܡܲܚܲܒܬܵܐ, ܡܚܲܒܒ݂ܵܢܘܼܬܵܐ, ܫܘܿܥܝܼܬܵܐ ܕܚܘܼܒܵܐ

  • ܒܚܘܼܒ ܩܛܝܼܪ (bə-ḥoḇ qəṭīr, “willy-nilly”)
  • ܒܲܪ ܚܘܼܒܵܐ (bar ḥūbbā, “friend”)
  • ܚܘܼܒܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (ḥūbbāʾīṯ, “lovingly”)
  • ܚܘܼܒܵܢܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (ḥūbbānāʾīṯ, “lovingly”)
  • ܚܘܼܒܵܢܵܝܵܐ (ḥūbbānāyā, “loving”)

Etymology 2
Root
ܚ ܘ ܒ (ḥ w b)
3 terms

Compare Hebrew חוֹב (ḥôḇ).

Pronunciation
  • (standard) IPA(key): [ˈxɑw.bɑː]

Noun

ܚܵܘܒܵܐ • (ḥāwbā) m sg (plural ܚܵܘܒܹ̈ܐ (ḥāwbē))

  1. debt, due
  2. guilt, liability
  3. (in the plural) sins
Inflection
Inflection of ܚܵܘܒܵܐ (ḥāwbā)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܚܵܘܒܝܼ
(ḥāwbī)		 ܚܵܘܒܲܢ
(ḥāwban)
construct ܚܘܿܒ݂
(ḥōḇ)		 2nd person ܚܵܘܒܘܼܟ݂
(ḥāwbūḵ)		 ܚܵܘܒܵܟ݂ܝ
(ḥāwbāḵ)		 ܚܵܘܒܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ḥāwbāwḵōn)
emphatic ܚܵܘܒܵܐ
(ḥāwbā)		 3rd person ܚܵܘܒܹܗ
(ḥāwbēh)		 ܚܵܘܒܵܗ̇
(ḥāwbāh)		 ܚܵܘܒܗܘܿܢ
(ḥāwbhōn)
plural absolute – 1st person ܚܵܘܒܝܼ̈
(ḥāwbī)		 ܚܵܘܒܲܢ̈
(ḥāwban)
construct ܚܵܘܒܲܝ̈
(ḥāwbay)		 2nd person ܚܵܘܒܘܼ̈ܟ݂
(ḥāwbūḵ)		 ܚܵܘܒܵܟ݂ܝ̈
(ḥāwbāḵ)		 ܚܵܘܒܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ḥāwbāwḵōn)
emphatic ܚܵܘܒܹ̈ܐ
(ḥāwbē)		 3rd person ܚܵܘܒܘܼ̈ܗܝ
(ḥāwbūh)		 ܚܵܘܒ̈ܘܿܗ̇
(ḥāwbōh)		 ܚܵܘܒܗ̈ܘܿܢ
(ḥāwbhōn)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܚ-ܒ-ܒ (ḥ-b-b) related to burning; compare Arabic حُبّ (ḥubb).

Pronunciation
  • (Classical Edessan) IPA(key): [ˈħub.bɑ]
  • (Eastern Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈxub.bɑ]
  • (Western Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈħu.bo]

Noun

ܚܘܒܐ • (ḥūbbā) m (uncountable)

  1. love, affection
    • Peshitta, John 5:42:
      ܐܠܐ ܝܕܥܬܟܘܢ. ܕܚܘܒܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܠܝܬ ܒܟܘܢ.
      ʾellā ʾīḏaʿtəḵōn, də-ḥūbbēh ḏə-ʾălāhā layt bəḵōn.
      But I know you, that ye have not the love of God in you.
  2. charity
  3. (used with 2nd person possessive suffixes as a title) dear, beloved
Inflection
    declension of ܚܘܒܐ
state singular (uncountable)
absolute ܚܘܒ
construct ܚܘܒ
emphatic ܚܘܒܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܚܘܒܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܚܘܒܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܚܘܒܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܚܘܒܗ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܚܘܒܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܚܘܒܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܚܘܒܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܚܘܒܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܚܘܒܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܚܘܒܗܝܢ
Derived terms
  • ܒܚܘܒ ܩܛܝܪ (bə-ḥoḇ qəṭīr, “willy-nilly”)
  • ܒܪ ܚܘܒܐ (bar ḥūbbā, “friend”)
  • ܚܘܒܐܝܬ (ḥūbbāʾīṯ, “lovingly”)
  • ܚܘܒܢܐܝܬ (ḥūbbānāʾīṯ, “lovingly”)
  • ܚܘܒܢܝܐ (ḥūbbānāyā, “loving”)

Etymology 2

From the root ܚ-ܘ-ܒ (ḥ-w-b) related to owing; compare Hebrew חוֹב (ḥôḇ).

Pronunciation
  • (Classical Edessan) IPA(key): [ˈħaw.bɑ]
  • (Eastern Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈxɑw.bɑ]
  • (Western Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈħɑw.bo]

Noun

ܚܘܒܐ • (ḥawbā) m (plural ܚܘܒܐ (ḥawbē))

  1. debt, due
  2. guilt, liability
  3. (in the plural) sins
    • Peshitta, Matthew 6:12:
      ܘܫܒܘܩ ܠܢ ܚܘܒܝ̈ܢ: ܐܝܟܢܐ ܕܐܦ ܚܢܢ ܫܒܩܢ ܠܚܝܒܝ̈ܢ.
      wa-šəḇoq lan ḥawbayn, ʾaykannā ḏə-āp̄ ḥənan šəḇaqn lə-ḥayyāḇayn.
      And forgive us our debts [sins], as we forgive our debtors.
Inflection
    inflection of ܚܘܒܐ
state singular plural
absolute ܚܘܒ ܚܘܒܝܢ
construct ܚܘܒ ܚܘܒܝ
emphatic ܚܘܒܐ ܚܘܒܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܚܘܒܝ ܚܘܒܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܚܘܒܟ ܚܘܒܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܚܘܒܟܝ ܚܘܒܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܚܘܒܗ ܚܘܒܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܚܘܒܗ ܚܘܒܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܚܘܒܢ ܚܘܒܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܚܘܒܟܘܢ ܚܘܒܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܚܘܒܟܝܢ ܚܘܒܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܚܘܒܗܘܢ ܚܘܒܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܚܘܒܗܝܢ ܚܘܒܝܗܝܢ
Derived terms
  • ܡܪܐ ܚܘܒܐ (mārē ḥawbā, “debtor”)

References
  • “ḥwb3”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2021-07-17
  • “ḥwb”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2008-11-25
  • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pages 93b, 98b
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 129b
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 419a-b
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