گرج

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭥𐭫𐭥𐭰𐭠𐭭 pl (ʿlʿcʾn /⁠Wiruz-ān⁠/, “Iberians, Georgians”); compare Parthian 𐭅𐭉𐭓𐭔𐭍 pl (wyršn /⁠Wiruž-ān⁠/), Manichaean Parthian [Manichaean needed] pl (wrwcʾn), Old Armenian վիր-ք (vir-kʻ), Russian грузи́н (gruzín).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡuɾd͡ʒ]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊɾd͡ʒ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɡʊɾd͡ʒ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɡuɾd͡ʒ̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡ̥oɹd͡ʒ̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡuɾd͡ʒ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	gurj
Dari reading^?	gurj
Iranian reading^?	gorj
Tajik reading^?	gurj

Proper noun

گرج • (gorj)

(archaic) Georgia
- 1258-1273, Rumi, Masnavi
  در هوا می‌کرد خود بالای برج
  که هزیمت می‌شد از وی روم و گرج
  dar hawā mē-kard xwad bālā-yi burj
  ki hazīmat mē-šud az way rōm u gurj
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
(archaic) Georgian (person)

Synonyms

(Georgia): گرجستان (gorjestân)
(Georgian): گرجی (gorji)

Derived terms

گرجی (gorji)
گرجستان (gorjestân)
گرجستانی (gorjestâni)
گرجی‌محله (gorji-mahalle)

Descendants

→ Arabic: كُرْج (kurj)
→ Medieval Latin: Geōrgia
- → English: Georgia (see there for further descendants)
- → Middle French: Georgie
  - French: Géorgie
  - → Middle English: Georgie
    - English: Georgie (obsolete)
- → Italian: Georgia
- → Norwegian Bokmål: Georgia
- → Romanian: Georgia
- → Spanish: Georgia

References

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “گرج”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

Urdu

Etymology

From Sanskrit गर्जन (garjana).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɡə.ɾəd͡ʒ/
Rhymes: -əd͡ʒ

Noun

گرج • (garaj) f (Hindi spelling गरज)

thunder
roar
شیر کی گرج سنو
šēr kī garaj suno!
listen to the roar of the lion!

Derived terms

گَرَج دَار (garaj-dār, “thunderous”)
گَرَجتِی آواز (garajtī-āvāz, “rumble”)
گھَن گَرَج (ghan-garaj, “loud thunder”)
گَھن گَرَج خِطابَت (ghan-garaj-xitābat, “enthusiastic speech”)

Related terms

گرجنا (garajnā)

References

“گرج”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

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