کول
Pashto
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ka.wəl/
Verb
کول • (kawә́l) (present imperfect stem کو (kaw), present perfect stem کړ (k(ṙ)), past perfect stem کړ (kṙ))
Usage notes
The ړ is not always pronounced in present perfective forms in colloquial speech, but in some dialects and formal speaking it is always pronounced.
Conjugation
Conjugation of کول
| singular | plural | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person m | 3rd person f | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person m | 3rd person f | |||
| زۀ | تۀ | دی / هغه | دا / هغه | موږ | تاسې | دوی / هغوی | ||||
| present imperfective |
کوم (kawә́m) |
کوې (kawe) |
کوي (kawí) |
کوو (kawú) |
کوﺉ (kawә́i) |
کوي (kawí) | ||||
| present perfective |
کړم (kəm) |
کړې (ke) |
کړي (ki) |
کړو (ku) |
کړﺉ (kəi) |
کړي (ki) | ||||
| past imperfective |
کولم (kawә́ləm) |
کولې (kawә́le) |
کاوۀ (kāwә́) |
کوله (kawә́la) |
کولو (kawә́lu) |
کولﺉ (kawә́ləi) |
کول / کولۀ (kawә́lə / kawә́l) |
کولې (kawә́le) | ||
| past perfective |
کړم / کړلم (kṛələm / kṛəm) |
کړې / کړلې (kṛəle / kṛe) |
کړ (kə / kṛ) |
کړه / کړله (kṛəla / kṛa) |
کړو / کړلو (kṛəlu / kṛu) |
کړﺉ / کړلﺉ (kṛələi / kṛəi) |
کړلۀ / کړل (kṛəl/ kṛələ) |
کړلې (kṛəle) | ||
command form conjugation of کول
| تۀ | تاسو | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | |||
| وکړه (wë ka) |
وکړئ (wë kəi) | ||
| Negative | |||
| مه کوه (mә́ këwa) |
مه کوئ (mә́ këwәi) |
Related terms
- کېدل (kedël) (intransitive)
Further reading
- Pashto-English Dictionary, Qamosona.com
- Raverty, H. G. (Henry George). A dictionary of the Puk'hto, Pus'hto, or language of the Afghans: with remarks on the originality of the language, and its affinity to other oriental tongues. Second edition, with considerable additions. London: Williams and Norgate, 1867
References
- Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 238
Persian
Etymology 1
From Middle Persian 𐫐𐫇𐫓 (kwl /kōl/, “pit, sink”). Related to کولیدن (kulidan, “to dig, furrow”).
The sense 'lake' probably from a Turkic source, compare Uzbek koʻl (“lake”), Kazakh көл (köl, “lake”), Bashkir күл (kül, “lake”), from Proto-Turkic *kȫl (“lake”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [koːl]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [kʰoːl]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [kʰoːl]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [kʰʊːl̥]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [kʰuːl̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [kʰɵl]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | kōl |
| Dari reading? | kōl |
| Iranian reading? | kul |
| Tajik reading? | kül |
Synonyms
- کولاب (kôlâb)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kʰuːl]
Derived terms
- کوله (kule)
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