کجا

See also: کچا

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (AYK gywʾk' /⁠kū gyāg⁠/). By surface analysis, کو (ku, “where”) +‎ جا (jâ, “place”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [kʰʊ.d͡ʒɑ́ː]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [kʰʊ.d͡ʒä]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [kʰu.d͡ʒä]

Readings
Classical reading? kujā
Dari reading? kujā
Iranian reading? kojâ
Tajik reading? kujo

Adverb
Dari کجا
Iranian Persian
Tajik куҷо

کُجا • (kojâ)

  1. (interrogative) where
    Synonym: گجا (gijo)
    کجایم؟ می‌ترسم... ― kojâ-yam? mi-tarsam... ― Where am I? I'm afraid...
    کتاب تو کجاست؟ ― ketâb-e to kojâ-st? ― Where is your book?
    کجا می‌ری؟ (colloquial) ― kojâ mi-ri? ― Where are you going?
  2. (interrogative) how; when; under what conditions
    Synonyms: چطور (četowr), چگونه (čegune)
    • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 1”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎:
      شب تاریک و بیم موج و گردابی چنین هایل
      کجا دانند حال ما سبکباران ساحل‌ها
      šab-i tārīk u bīm-i mawj u girdābē čunīn hāyil
      kujā dānand hāl-i mā sabukbārān-i sāhil-hā
      The dark night, the fear of waves, so terrifying a whirlpool!
      How can the lightly burdened on the coast know our condition?
      (Classical Persian transliteration)

Inflection
    Predicative forms of کجا (kojâ)
singular plural
1st person
(“I am, we are”)		 کجایم
(kojâyam)
کجام △
(kojâm)		 کجاییم
(kojâyim)
2nd person
(“you are”)		 کجایی
(kojâyi)		 کجایید
(kojâyid)
کجایین △
(kojâyin)
3rd person
(“he/she/it is, they are”)		 کجاست
(kojâst)
کجاس، کجائه △
(kojâs, kojâe)		 کجایند
(kojâyand)
کجان △
(kojân)
△ Colloquial.

Conjunction

کُجا • (kojâ)

  1. (obsolete) because [up to 12th century]
    Synonyms: زیرا (zirâ), چون (čon)
    • c. 1030, Fakhr al-Dīn Asʿad Gurgānī, ويس و رامين [Vīs u Rāmīn]‎:
      کجا یزدان امیدم را وفا کرد
      بدین پیوند کامم را روا کرد
      kujā yazdān umēd-am rā wafā kard
      bad-ĕn paywand kām-am rā rawā kard
      Because God was loyal to my hope,
      He permitted my desire through this bond.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.