هندو

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian hndwk' (Hindūg, “Indian”), demonym derived from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (hinduš, “India”), from Sanskrit सिन्धु (sindhu, “the Indus River”) or Proto-Iranian *sindʰu.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [hɪn̪.d̪uː]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ʔɪn̪.d̪uː]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ʔin̪.d̪u]

Readings
Classical reading? hindū
Dari reading? hindū
Iranian reading? hendu
Tajik reading? hindu

Noun

هندو • (hendu) (plural هندوها (hendu-hâ))

  1. Hindu (practitioner of India's indigenous religion)
    • c. 1180, Kaqani Shervani, Divan:
      تیغ تو داند که چیست رمز و اشارات دین / طرفه بود هندویی وز عربی ترجمان
      tiğ-e to dânad ke čist ramz-o ešârât-e din / torfe bovad hendu-yi v-az 'arabi tarjomân
      your sword knows about the secrets and allusions of the [Islamic] faith / it is a remarkable phenomenon, being a Hindu and [yet] a translator [of Islamic scriptures] from Arabic
  2. (dated) Indian, inhabitant of the Indian subcontinent
  3. infidel[1]
  4. thief, robber, slave, hijacker[2]

Descendants
  • → English: Hindu

Adjective

هندو • (hendu)

  1. Hindu, relating to Hinduism
  2. (dated) Indian, relating to India
    • c. 1380, Hafez, “Shirazi Turk”, in Divan:
      به خال هندویش بخشم سمرقند و بخارا را
      be xâl-e hendu-yaš baxšam samarqand o boxârâ-râ
      for their Indian mole (beauty spot) I will give Samarkand and Bukhara
      .

References
  1. Francis Joseph Steingass (1892) “A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary, Including the Arabic Words and Phrases to be Met with in Persian Literature”, in dsal.uchicago.edu‎, retrieved 2023-12-26
  2. Syed Tasadduk Hussain Rizvi (1925) Lughaat-e-Kishwari لغاتِ کِشوری (in Persian), page 574
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