ملك

See also: ملک

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *malk-. The insertion of the vowel i is irregular, leading, though it could be a prop vowel as in إِبِل (ʔibil), to the suggestion that it is instead borrowed from an archaic Aramaic predecessor to Aramaic מַלְכָּא (malkā, king), along with the clear borrowing مَلَكُوت (malakūt).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ma.lik/

Noun

مَلِك • (malik) m (plural مُلُوك (mulūk) or أَمْلَاك (ʔamlāk), feminine مَلِكَة (malika))

  1. king, sovereign, monarch
Declension
Descendants
  • Gulf Arabic: مَلِك (malik)
  • Armenian: մելիք (melikʻ)
  • Maranao: malik
  • Classical Persian: مَلِک (malik)
  • Malay: malik
  • Sanskrit: मलिक (malika)
  • Ottoman Turkish: ملك (melik)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mulk/

Noun

مُلْك • (mulk) m

  1. verbal noun of مَلَكَ (malaka) (form I)
  2. rule, reign, supreme authority, dominion, dominance, sway, power
  3. sovereignty, kingship, royalty
  4. monarchy
Declension
Descendants
  • Classical Persian: مُلْک (mulk)
    • Assamese: মুলুক (muluk)
    • Bengali: মুলুক (muluk)
    • Gujarati: મુલક (mulak)
    • Old Hindi: मुलक (mulaka)
    • Maithili
      Devanagari script: मुलुक (muluk)
      Tirhuta script: 𑒧𑒳𑒪𑒳𑒏 (muluk)
    • Marathi: मुलूख (mulūkh)
    • Marwari: मुलक (mulak)
    • Nepali: मुलुक (muluk)
    • Odia: ମୁଲକ (mulôkô)
    • Punjabi:
      Gurmukhi script: ਮੁਲਕ (mulak)
      Shahmukhi script: مُلَک (mulak)
    • Sindhi:
      Arabic script: مُلْڪُ (mulku)
      Devanagari script: मुल्कु (mulku)
  • Malay: muluk
  • Swahili: milki
  • Uzbek: mulk

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /milk/

Noun

مِلْك • (milk) m (plural أَمْلَاك (ʔamlāk))

  1. verbal noun of مَلَكَ (malaka) (form I)
  2. property, possession, goods and chattels, fortune, wealth
  3. estate
  4. real estate, landed property
Declension
Descendants

Etymology 4

Root
م ل ك (m-l-k)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ma.la.ka/

Verb

مَلَكَ • (malaka) I, non-past يَمْلِكُ‎ (yamliku)

  1. to take in possession, to take over, to acquire, to seize
  2. to possess, to lay hold, to own, to have, to be the owner
    الرَجُلُ يَمْلِكُ سَيَّارَةً جَديدَةً.
    The man owns a new car.
  3. to dominate, to control
  4. to be the master
  5. to be capable, to be able, to be in a position to
    • Hadith
      لَيْسَ الشَّدِيدُ بِالصُّرَعَةِ؛ إِنَّمَا الشَّدِيدُ الَّذِي يَمْلِكُ نَفْسَهُ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ.
      laysa š-šadīdu bi-ṣ-ṣuraʕati; ʔinnamā š-šadīdu allaḏī yamliku nafsahu ʕinda l-ḡaḍabi.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  6. to rule, to reign, to exercise authority, to hold sway, to lord over
Conjugation

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mal.la.ka/

Verb

مَلَّكَ • (mallaka) II, non-past يُمَلِّكُ‎ (yumalliku)

  1. to make the owner
  2. to put in possession
  3. to transfer ownership, to assign, to make over, to convey
  4. to make king
Conjugation

Etymology 6

Shortened version of مَلْأَك (malʔak).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ma.lak/

Noun

مَلَك • (malak) m (plural مَلَائِكَة (malāʔika) or مَلَائِك (malāʔik))

  1. angel
    • a. 538, أبو جندب الهُذَليّ المشؤوم, ديوان الهذليين:
      مَنْ مُبْلِغٌ مَلَائِكِي حُبْشِيًّا أَخَا / بَنِي زُلَيْفَةَ الصُّبْحِيَّا؟
      man mubliḡun malāʔikī ḥubšiyyan ʔaḵā / banī zulayfata ṣ-ṣubḥiyyā?
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 12:31:
      فَلَمَّا سَمِعَتْ بِمَكْرِهِنَّ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِنَّ وَأَعْتَدَتْ لَهُنَّ مُتَّكَأً وَآتَتْ كُلَّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِّنْهُنَّ سِكِّينًا وَقَالَتِ ٱخْرُجْ عَلَيْهِنَّ ۖ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَهُ أَكْبَرْنَهُ وَقَطَّعْنَ أَيْدِيَهُنَّ وَقُلْنَ حَاشَ لِلَّهِ مَا هَٰذَا بَشَرًا إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا مَلَكٌ كَرِيمٌ
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 17:95:
      قُل لَّوْ كَانَ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَلَائِكَةٌ يَمْشُونَ مُطْمَئِنِّينَ لَنَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ مَلَكًا رَّسُولًا
      qul llaw kāna fī l-ʔarḍi malāʔikatun yamšūna muṭmaʔinnīna lanazzalnā ʕalayhim mmina s-samāʔi malakan rrasūlan
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
Descendants
  • Abaza: мальаикь (malᶻaikʲ)
  • Abkhaz: амаалықь (amaaləkʲ)
  • Adyghe: мэлэӏич (mɛlɛʼič)
  • Armenian: մալաք, մալախ (malakʻ, malax)
  • Avar: малаик (malaik)
  • Azerbaijani: mələk
  • Chechen: малик (malik)
  • Dargwa: малайк (malajk)
  • Fula: maleyka
  • Hausa: màlā'ikā̀
  • Indonesian: malaikat
  • Ingush: малайк (malajk)
  • Javanese: ꦩꦭꦲꦺꦏꦠ꧀ (malaékat)
  • Kabardian: мэлэӏыч (mɛlɛʼəč)
  • Kumyk: малайик (malayik)
  • Northern Kurdish: melek, milyaket
  • Lezgi: малаик (malaik)
  • Malay: malak, malaikat
  • Ngiti: màlàyikà
  • Ottoman Turkish: ملك (melek)
  • Swahili: malaika
  • Tabasaran: малайик (malajik)
  • Tat: малах
  • Turkmen: melek
  • Yoruba: màlékà

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ma.lak/

Noun

مَلَك • (malak) m (plural مُلُك (muluk))

  1. possession, property
  2. food and water, resources; anything which regulates, maintains, or sustains; essentials, supplies, utilities
  3. foundation of ones existence
    1. agent or effective cause
Declension

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /malk/

Noun

مَلْك • (malk) m

  1. verbal noun of مَلَكَ (malaka) (form I)
Declension

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mul.lak/

Noun

مُلَّك • (mullak) m pl

  1. plural of مَالِك (mālik)

Adjective

مُلَّك • (mullak) m pl

  1. masculine plural of مَالِك (mālik)

References

  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “ملك”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 613–614
  • Freytag, Georg (1837) “ملك”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 208–209
  • van Putten, Marijn (2020), "Classical and Modern Standard Arabic", in Arabic and Contact-induced Change (eds. Manfredi and Lucas)
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “ملك”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 1081

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic مَلَك (malak), variant of مَلْأَك (malʔak, angel).

Noun

ملك • (melek) (plural ملائك or ملائكة)

  1. angel
Descendants

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic مَلِك (malik, king).

Noun

ملك • (melik) (feminine ملكه, plural ملوك)

  1. lord, king, sovereign
  2. God, the sovereign Lord
  3. pirate
Descendants

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic مِلْك (milk, property).

Noun

ملك • (milk, mülk) (plural املاك)

  1. possession, property
  2. sovereignty, dominion
  3. God's supreme sovereignty and dominion
  4. the whole creation, as the domain of God
Descendants
  • Turkish: mülk
  • Albanian: mylk
  • Greek: μούλκι (moúlki)

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

ملك • (müllek)

  1. plural of مالك

References

South Levantine Arabic

Root
م ل ك
3 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic مَلَكَ (malaka).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ma.lak/, [ˈma.lak]
  • (file)

Verb

ملك • (malak) I (present بملك (bimlik))

  1. to own
  2. to control
Conjugation
    Conjugation of ملك (malak)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ملكت (malakt) ملكت (malakt) ملك (malak) ملكنا (malakna) ملكتو (malaktu) ملكو (malaku)
f ملكتي (malakti) ملكت (malkat)
present m بملك (bamlik) بتملك (btimlik) بملك (bimlik) منملك (mnimlik) بتملكو (btimliku) بملكو (bimliku)
f بتملكي (btimliki) بتملك (btimlik)
subjunctive m أملك (ʔamlik) تملك (timlik) يملك (yimlik) نملك (nimlik) تملكو (timliku) يملكو (yimliku)
f تملكي (timliki) تملك (timlik)
imperative m املك (imlik) املكو (imliku)
f املكي (imliki)

Etymology 2

From Arabic مَلِك (malik).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ma.lik/, [ˈma.lɪk]
  • (file)

Noun

ملك • (malik) m (plural ملوك (mlūk), feminine ملكة (malike))

  1. king
See also
Chess pieces in South Levantine Arabic · قطع الشطرنج (ʔuṭaʕ iš-šaṭranj) (layout · text)
♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
ملك (malik) ملكة (malike) قلعة (ʔalʕa) وزير (wazīr) حصان (ḥsān) جندي (jundi)
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.