كأس

See also: کاش, گاش, and کاس

Arabic
Root
ك ء س (k-ʔ-s)

Etymology

Has been envisioned as from Proto-Semitic *kaʔs-. The Arabic form could be a hypercorrection after a borrowing from the Aramaic forms listed under it however, since inheritance of Akkadian 𒃲 (kāsum) from such a proto-form is irregular as one expects vocalism like in Akkadian 𒊕 (rēšum) from Proto-Semitic *raʔš-, so also considering the absence in Ethiopian Semitic one may conclude a post-Proto-Semitic external borrowing.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kaʔs/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

كَأْس • (kaʔs) f (plural كُؤُوس (kuʔūs) or أَكْؤُس (ʔakʔus) or كِئَاس (kiʔās))

  1. a glass, especially a wine glass or arak glass
  2. a cup, goblet, tumbler
  3. a cup trophy
    كَأْس العَالَمِ ― kaʔs al-ʕālami ― world cup

Declension
Declension of noun كَأْس (kaʔs)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal كَأْس
kaʔs		 الْكَأْس
al-kaʔs		 كَأْس
kaʔs
Nominative كَأْسٌ
kaʔsun		 الْكَأْسُ
al-kaʔsu		 كَأْسُ
kaʔsu
Accusative كَأْسًا
kaʔsan		 الْكَأْسَ
al-kaʔsa		 كَأْسَ
kaʔsa
Genitive كَأْسٍ
kaʔsin		 الْكَأْسِ
al-kaʔsi		 كَأْسِ
kaʔsi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal كَأْسَيْن
kaʔsayn		 الْكَأْسَيْن
al-kaʔsayn		 كَأْسَيْ
kaʔsay
Nominative كَأْسَانِ
kaʔsāni		 الْكَأْسَانِ
al-kaʔsāni		 كَأْسَا
kaʔsā
Accusative كَأْسَيْنِ
kaʔsayni		 الْكَأْسَيْنِ
al-kaʔsayni		 كَأْسَيْ
kaʔsay
Genitive كَأْسَيْنِ
kaʔsayni		 الْكَأْسَيْنِ
al-kaʔsayni		 كَأْسَيْ
kaʔsay
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal كُؤُوس‎; أَكْؤُس‎; كِئَاس
kuʔūs‎; ʔakʔus‎; kiʔās		 الْكُؤُوس‎; الْأَكْؤُس‎; الْكِئَاس
al-kuʔūs‎; al-ʔakʔus‎; al-kiʔās		 كُؤُوس‎; أَكْؤُس‎; كِئَاس
kuʔūs‎; ʔakʔus‎; kiʔās
Nominative كُؤُوسٌ‎; أَكْؤُسٌ‎; كِئَاسٌ
kuʔūsun‎; ʔakʔusun‎; kiʔāsun		 الْكُؤُوسُ‎; الْأَكْؤُسُ‎; الْكِئَاسُ
al-kuʔūsu‎; al-ʔakʔusu‎; al-kiʔāsu		 كُؤُوسُ‎; أَكْؤُسُ‎; كِئَاسُ
kuʔūsu‎; ʔakʔusu‎; kiʔāsu
Accusative كُؤُوسًا‎; أَكْؤُسًا‎; كِئَاسًا
kuʔūsan‎; ʔakʔusan‎; kiʔāsan		 الْكُؤُوسَ‎; الْأَكْؤُسَ‎; الْكِئَاسَ
al-kuʔūsa‎; al-ʔakʔusa‎; al-kiʔāsa		 كُؤُوسَ‎; أَكْؤُسَ‎; كِئَاسَ
kuʔūsa‎; ʔakʔusa‎; kiʔāsa
Genitive كُؤُوسٍ‎; أَكْؤُسٍ‎; كِئَاسٍ
kuʔūsin‎; ʔakʔusin‎; kiʔāsin		 الْكُؤُوسِ‎; الْأَكْؤُسِ‎; الْكِئَاسِ
al-kuʔūsi‎; al-ʔakʔusi‎; al-kiʔāsi		 كُؤُوسِ‎; أَكْؤُسِ‎; كِئَاسِ
kuʔūsi‎; ʔakʔusi‎; kiʔāsi

Descendants
  • Gulf Arabic: كاس (kās)
  • Maltese: kies
  • Moroccan Arabic: كاس (kās)
  • → Hijazi Arabic: كأس (kaʔs) (learned)

References
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 171
  • van Putten, Marijn (2022) Quranic Arabic. From its Hijazi Origins to its Classical Reading Traditions (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics; 106)‎, Leiden: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, 6.4.11 Kās → kaʔs, page 167
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “كأس”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, pages 868–869

Hijazi Arabic
كَأْس

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic كَأْس (kaʔs).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkaʔs/

Noun

كأس • (kaʔs) m (plural كُؤُوس (kuʾūs))

  1. cup (trophy)
    Synonym: كاس (kās)

See also
  • كاسة (kāsa, “glass”) (drinking vessel)
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