غم
See also: عم
Arabic
Root |
---|
غ م م (ḡ-m-m) |
Pronunciation 1
- IPA(key): /ɣam.ma/
Verb
غَمَّ • (ḡamma) I, non-past يَغُمُّ (yaḡummu)
- to cover, to veil, to shroud
- (passive voice) to be obscure, to be unapparent
- 7th century CE, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, 13:6:
- فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدِرُوا ثَلَاثِينَ
- faʔin ḡumma ʕalaykum fāqdirū ṯalāṯīna
- If [the sky] is masked for you [by clouds], then calculate thirty days [for the month of Ramaḍān.
- to fill with grief, to grief, to chagrin
Conjugation
Conjugation of
غَمَّ
(form-I geminate, verbal noun غَمّ)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ḡamm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
غَامّ ḡāmm | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maḡmūm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | غَمَمْتُ ḡamamtu |
غَمَمْتَ ḡamamta |
ḡamma |
غَمَمْتُمَا ḡamamtumā |
غَمَّا ḡammā |
غَمَمْنَا ḡamamnā |
غَمَمْتُمْ ḡamamtum |
غَمُّوا ḡammū | |||
f | غَمَمْتِ ḡamamti |
غَمَّتْ ḡammat |
غَمَّتَا ḡammatā |
غَمَمْتُنَّ ḡamamtunna |
غَمَمْنَ ḡamamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَغُمُّ ʔaḡummu |
تَغُمُّ taḡummu |
yaḡummu |
تَغُمَّانِ taḡummāni |
يَغُمَّانِ yaḡummāni |
naḡummu |
تَغُمُّونَ taḡummūna |
يَغُمُّونَ yaḡummūna | |||
f | تَغُمِّينَ taḡummīna |
تَغُمُّ taḡummu |
تَغُمَّانِ taḡummāni |
تَغْمُمْنَ taḡmumna |
يَغْمُمْنَ yaḡmumna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَغُمَّ ʔaḡumma |
تَغُمَّ taḡumma |
yaḡumma |
تَغُمَّا taḡummā |
يَغُمَّا yaḡummā |
naḡumma |
تَغُمُّوا taḡummū |
يَغُمُّوا yaḡummū | |||
f | تَغُمِّي taḡummī |
تَغُمَّ taḡumma |
تَغُمَّا taḡummā |
تَغْمُمْنَ taḡmumna |
يَغْمُمْنَ yaḡmumna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَغُمَّ or أَغُمِّ or أَغْمُمْ ʔaḡumma or ʔaḡummi or ʔaḡmum |
taḡumma or taḡummi or taḡmum |
yaḡumma or yaḡummi or yaḡmum |
تَغُمَّا taḡummā |
يَغُمَّا yaḡummā |
naḡumma or naḡummi or naḡmum |
تَغُمُّوا taḡummū |
يَغُمُّوا yaḡummū | |||
f | تَغُمِّي taḡummī |
taḡumma or taḡummi or taḡmum |
تَغُمَّا taḡummā |
تَغْمُمْنَ taḡmumna |
يَغْمُمْنَ yaḡmumna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ḡumma or ḡummi or uḡmum |
غُمَّا ḡummā |
غُمُّوا ḡummū |
||||||||
f | ḡummī |
اُغْمُمْنَ uḡmumna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | غُمِمْتُ ḡumimtu |
غُمِمْتَ ḡumimta |
ḡumma |
غُمِمْتُمَا ḡumimtumā |
غُمَّا ḡummā |
غُمِمْنَا ḡumimnā |
غُمِمْتُمْ ḡumimtum |
غُمُّوا ḡummū | |||
f | غُمِمْتِ ḡumimti |
غُمَّتْ ḡummat |
غُمَّتَا ḡummatā |
غُمِمْتُنَّ ḡumimtunna |
غُمِمْنَ ḡumimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُغَمُّ ʔuḡammu |
تُغَمُّ tuḡammu |
yuḡammu |
تُغَمَّانِ tuḡammāni |
يُغَمَّانِ yuḡammāni |
nuḡammu |
تُغَمُّونَ tuḡammūna |
يُغَمُّونَ yuḡammūna | |||
f | تُغَمِّينَ tuḡammīna |
تُغَمُّ tuḡammu |
تُغَمَّانِ tuḡammāni |
تُغْمَمْنَ tuḡmamna |
يُغْمَمْنَ yuḡmamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُغَمَّ ʔuḡamma |
تُغَمَّ tuḡamma |
yuḡamma |
تُغَمَّا tuḡammā |
يُغَمَّا yuḡammā |
nuḡamma |
تُغَمُّوا tuḡammū |
يُغَمُّوا yuḡammū | |||
f | تُغَمِّي tuḡammī |
تُغَمَّ tuḡamma |
تُغَمَّا tuḡammā |
تُغْمَمْنَ tuḡmamna |
يُغْمَمْنَ yuḡmamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُغَمَّ or أُغَمِّ or أُغْمَمْ ʔuḡamma or ʔuḡammi or ʔuḡmam |
tuḡamma or tuḡammi or tuḡmam |
yuḡamma or yuḡammi or yuḡmam |
تُغَمَّا tuḡammā |
يُغَمَّا yuḡammā |
nuḡamma or nuḡammi or nuḡmam |
تُغَمُّوا tuḡammū |
يُغَمُّوا yuḡammū | |||
f | تُغَمِّي tuḡammī |
tuḡamma or tuḡammi or tuḡmam |
تُغَمَّا tuḡammā |
تُغْمَمْنَ tuḡmamna |
يُغْمَمْنَ yuḡmamna |
Pronunciation 2
- IPA(key): /ɣamm/
Noun
غَمّ • (ḡamm) m (plural غُمُوم (ḡumūm))
- grief, sorrow, chagrin
- 7th century CE, Jamīʿ at-Tirmiḏiyy, section 37:
- وَتَدْنُو الشَّمْسُ، فَيَبْلُغُ النَّاسَ مِنَ الْغَمِّ وَالْكَرْبِ مَا لَا يُطِيقُونَ وَلَا يَحْتَمِلُونَ
- wa-tadnū š-šamsu, fa-yabluḡu n-nāsa mina al-ḡammi wa-l-karbi mā lā yuṭīqūna wa-lā yaḥtamilūna
- The sun will come so close to the people that they will suffer such distress and trouble as they will not be able to bear or stand.
Declension
Declension of noun غَمّ (ḡamm)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | غَمّ ḡamm |
الْغَمّ al-ḡamm |
غَمّ ḡamm |
Nominative | غَمٌّ ḡammun |
الْغَمُّ al-ḡammu |
غَمُّ ḡammu |
Accusative | غَمًّا ḡamman |
الْغَمَّ al-ḡamma |
غَمَّ ḡamma |
Genitive | غَمٍّ ḡammin |
الْغَمِّ al-ḡammi |
غَمِّ ḡammi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | غَمَّيْن ḡammayn |
الْغَمَّيْن al-ḡammayn |
غَمَّيْ ḡammay |
Nominative | غَمَّانِ ḡammāni |
الْغَمَّانِ al-ḡammāni |
غَمَّا ḡammā |
Accusative | غَمَّيْنِ ḡammayni |
الْغَمَّيْنِ al-ḡammayni |
غَمَّيْ ḡammay |
Genitive | غَمَّيْنِ ḡammayni |
الْغَمَّيْنِ al-ḡammayni |
غَمَّيْ ḡammay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | غُمُوم ḡumūm |
الْغُمُوم al-ḡumūm |
غُمُوم ḡumūm |
Nominative | غُمُومٌ ḡumūmun |
الْغُمُومُ al-ḡumūmu |
غُمُومُ ḡumūmu |
Accusative | غُمُومًا ḡumūman |
الْغُمُومَ al-ḡumūma |
غُمُومَ ḡumūma |
Genitive | غُمُومٍ ḡumūmin |
الْغُمُومِ al-ḡumūmi |
غُمُومِ ḡumūmi |
Descendants
References
- Freytag, Georg (1835) “غم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 292–293
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “غم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 2289
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “غم”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 926
Persian
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ɣam]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ɣäm]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ɣäm]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ɣäm]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [qæm]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʁäm]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | ğam |
Dari reading? | ğam |
Iranian reading? | ğam |
Tajik reading? | ġam |
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian غم (ğam), from Arabic غَمّ (ḡamm).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɣəm/
Audio (PK) (file) - Rhymes: -əm
Noun
غم • (ġam) m (Hindi spelling ग़म)
Synonyms
- دکھ (dukkh)
Derived terms
- غمگین (ġamgīn)
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