عقل

Arabic

Root
ع ق ل (ʕ-q-l)

Pronunciation 1

  • IPA(key): /ʕaql/
  • (file)

Noun

عَقْل • (ʕaql) m (plural عُقُول (ʕuqūl))

  1. verbal noun of عَقَلَ (ʕaqala) (form I)
  2. understanding, reason, wisdom, sound judgment, sense
    حَدِّثِ الْعَاقِلَ بِمَا لَا يَلِيقُ، فَإِنْ صَدَّقَ فَلَا عَقْلَ لَهُ.
    ḥaddiṯi l-ʕāqila bimā lā yalīqu, faʔin ṣaddaqa falā ʕaqla lahu.
    Tell the intelligent man what does not befit him and if he deems it credible he has no sense.
  3. mind, intellect
  4. (Christianity) Holy Ghost
  5. asylum
  6. fortress
  7. bloodwite
Declension
Descendants
  • Gulf Arabic: عقل (ʕagiḷ)
  • Maltese: għaqal
  • Adyghe: акъыл (aqəl)
  • Azerbaijani: ağıl
  • Bashkir: аҡыл (aqıl)
  • Crimean Tatar: aqıl
  • Gagauz: akıl
  • Kabardian: акъыл (aqəl)
  • Karakalpak: aqıl
  • Kazakh: ақыл (aqyl)
  • Khakas: ағыл (ağıl)
  • Khalaj: aqıl
  • Northern Kurdish: aqil
    Lishana Deni: עאקל (‘āqəl, mind, intelligence, wisdom)
  • Kyrgyz: акыл (akıl)
  • Malay: akal
  • Nogai: акъыл (ak”ıl)
  • Classical Persian: عقل ('aql) (see there for further descendants)
  • Shor: ағыл
  • Swahili: akili
  • Tatar: акыл (aqıl)
  • Ottoman Turkish: عقل (akl, akıl)
  • Turkmen: akyl
  • Talysh: ağl
  • Uzbek: aql
  • Zazaki: aqil

Pronunciation 2

  • IPA(key): /ʕa.qa.la/

Verb

عَقَلَ • (ʕaqala) I, non-past يَعْقِلُ‎ (yaʕqilu)

  1. to hobble, to tie with the rope عِقَال (ʕiqāl)
  2. to be reasonable, to make sense
  3. to renounce revenge for wergeld, to relinquish retaliation of blood
Conjugation

Verb

عَقَلَ • (ʕaqala) I, non-past يَعْقِلُ‎ (yaʕqilu)

  1. to make oneself inaccessible in a high mountain, to betake oneself for refuge
Conjugation

Verb

عَقَلَ • (ʕaqala) I, non-past يَعْقِلُ‎ (yaʕqilu)

  1. to pasture upon camelthorn (عَاقُول (ʕāqūl))
Conjugation

Verb

عَقِلَ • (ʕaqila) I, non-past يَعْقَلُ‎ (yaʕqalu)

  1. to have a twisting in the hind-leg
Conjugation

Verb

عَقَّلَ • (ʕaqqala) II, non-past يُعَقِّلُ‎ (yuʕaqqilu)

  1. to make reasonable
Conjugation

Noun

عَقَل • (ʕaqal) m

  1. verbal noun of عَقَلَ (ʕaqala) (form I)
  2. verbal noun of عَقِلَ (ʕaqila) (form I)
Declension

Gojri

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian عَقل ('aql), from Arabic عَقْل (ʕaql).

Noun

عَقل ('aql) f

  1. intelligence, wisdom, sense

Further reading

  • Dr Rafique Anjum (2018) Concise Gojri-Kashmiri-English Dictionary, New Delhi: Adam Publishers & Distributors, →ISBN, page 310.
  • Javaid Rahi (2015) “عَقلْ”, in گوجری ڈکشنری [Gojri Dictionary] (in Gojri), page 663, column 2.

Gulf Arabic

Root
ع ق ل
1 term

Etymology 1

Inherited from Arabic عَقْل (ʕaql)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʕa.ɡɪɫ/

Noun

عَقِل • (ʕagiḷ) m (before il- عَقْل (ʕagḷ), plural عقول (ʕgūḷ))

  1. mind, brain
  2. (figuratively) logic, reason
    الله بالعقل عرفناه
    We know God (exists) by logic and reason ((used to state that something is obvious)
    (literally, “God with the mind we knew him”)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʕɪ.ɡəɫ/

Verb

عِقَل • (ʕigaḷ) (non-past يعقل (yaʕgiḷ, yʕagiḷ))

  1. to become reasonable, to mature mentally
    يكبر ويعقلyikbar u-yaʕgiḷHe'll become wise as/when he grows up (common saying)

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ع ق ل
3 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic عَقْل (ʕaql).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʕa.ɡil/, [ʕa.ɡɪl]

Noun

عقل • (ʕagil) m (construct state عَقْل (ʕagl), plural عُقُول (ʕugūl))

  1. understanding, reason, wisdom, sound judgment
  2. mind
    Synonym: مُخّ (muḵḵ)

Etymology 2

From Arabic عَقَلَ (ʕaqala).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʕi.ɡil/, [ʕɪ.ɡɪl]

Verb

عِقِل • (ʕigil) I (non-past يِعْقَل (yiʕgal))

  1. to be reasonable, to make sense
Conjugation
    Conjugation of عقل (ʕigil)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m عقلت (ʕigilt) عقلت (ʕigilt) عقل (ʕigil) عقلنا (ʕigilna) عقلتوا (ʕigiltu) عقلوا (ʕiglu)
f عقلتي (ʕigilti) عقلت (ʕiglat)
non-past m أعقل (ʔaʕgal) تعقل (tiʕgal) يعقل (yiʕgal) نعقل (niʕgal) تعقلوا (tiʕgalu) يعقلوا (yiʕgalu)
f تعقلي (tiʕgali) تعقل (tiʕgal)
imperative m اعقل (aʕgal) اعقلوا (aʕgalu)
f اعقلي (aʕgali)

Etymology 3

From Arabic عَقَّلَ (ʕaqqala).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʕaɡ.ɡal/

Verb

عَقَّل • (ʕaggal) II (non-past يِعَقِّل (yiʕaggil))

  1. to make reasonable
Conjugation
    Conjugation of عقل (ʕaggal)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m عقلت (ʕaggalt) عقلت (ʕaggalt) عقل (ʕaggal) عقلنا (ʕaggalna) عقلتوا (ʕaggaltu) عقلوا (ʕaggalu)
f عقلتي (ʕaggalti) عقلت (ʕaggalat)
non-past m أعقل (ʔaʕaggil) تعقل (tiʕaggil) يعقل (yiʕaggil) نعقل (niʕaggil) تعقلوا (tiʕaggilu) يعقلوا (yiʕaggilu)
f تعقلي (tiʕaggili) تعقل (tiʕaggil)
imperative m عقل (ʕaggil) عقلوا (ʕaggilu)
f عقلي (ʕaggili)

Khalaj

Noun

عَقِل (aqıl) (definite accusative عَقلؽ, plural عَقِللار)

  1. Arabic spelling of aqıl (intellect)

Declension

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

Root
ع ق ل
1 term

From Arabic عَقَلَ (ʕaqala).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʕqal/

Verb

عقل • (ʕqal) I (non-past يعقل (yiʕqal))

  1. to remember

Conjugation

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Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic عَقْل (ʕaql).

Noun

عقل • (akl, akıl)

  1. understanding, reason, wisdom, sound judgment, mind

Descendants

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عَقْل (ʕaql).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? aql
Dari reading? aql
Iranian reading? ağl
Tajik reading? aql

Noun

Dari عَقل
Iranian Persian
Tajik ақл

عَقل • ('aql)

  1. mind, intellect, understanding, reason
  2. good sense, sound judgment
    • 1976, خسرو شاهانی, “عینک طبی”, in کور لعنتی:
      تو هم اگر عقل درستی داشتی، روزگارت بهتر از این بود.
      to ham agar aql-e dorost-i dâšti, ruzegâr-et behtar az in bud.
      If you had good sense, your life would be better off than this.

Descendants

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian عَقل ('aql), from Arabic عَقْل (ʕaql). First attested as Old Hindi अकलि (akali).

Pronunciation

Noun

عَقْل • (‘aql) f (formal plural عُقُول ('uqūl), Hindi spelling अक़्ल)

  1. common sense
  2. understanding, wisdom
    Synonym: سَمَجھ (samajh)

Further reading

  • The template Template:R:Fallon does not use the parameter(s):
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    S. W. Fallon (1879) “عقل”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
  • عقل”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • Platts, John T. (1884) chapter 280, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “عقل”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 437
  • عقل”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
  • John Shakespear (1834) “عقل”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC, page 1224
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