عفص

Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed into Arabic from Aramaic עַפְצָא (ʿap̄ṣā) / ܥܱܦܨܳܐ (ʿap̄ṣā), absolute state עֲפֶץ (ʿap̄eṣ), itself treated as a later variant of אַפְצָא (ʾap̄ṣā) / ܐܱܦܨܳܐ (ʾap̄ṣā), absolute state אֲפֶץ (ʾap̄eṣ). The Arabic verbs are denominal, from the use of the idea of oakgalls being a powerful astringent, used in medicine and tanning. Arabic عَصَفَ (ʕaṣafa, to hit on; to blow violently) is metathetical to this denominal verb with its ideas of violence and after the inflation of an oakgall. Distantly related to the root ع ص ر (ʕ-ṣ-r) which also exists in Aramaic.

Noun

عَفْص • (ʕafṣ) m (collective, singulative عَفْصَة f (ʕafṣa))

  1. gall-nut, oak-gall
    Coordinate term: تَاكُوت (tākūt)
  2. gall-oak (Quercus lusitanica and other species)

Declension

Descendants

  • Tigre: አፈስ (ʾäfäs)

Verb

عَفَصَ • (ʕafaṣa) I, non-past يَعْفِصُ‎ (yaʕfiṣu)

  1. to tie up, to wring, to squish
  2. to defeat in battle
  3. to rape, to sard forcefully

Conjugation

Verb

عَفَّصَ • (ʕaffaṣa) II, non-past يُعَفِّصُ‎ (yuʕaffiṣu)

  1. to tincture with oakgall

Conjugation

Adjective

عَفِص • (ʕafiṣ)

  1. acrid, of astringent taste

Declension

References

  • Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 876
  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “عفص”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 185a–b
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “عفص”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 299b–300a
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “عفص”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 731a

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ع ف ص
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic عَفَصَ (ʕafaṣa, to compress, to squeeze).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʕaf.fasˤ/

Verb

عفص • (ʕaffaṣ) II (non-past يِعَفِّص (yiʕaffiṣ))

  1. to squish, to squash
    Synonym: فَعَّص (faʕʕaṣ)
    ليش عَفَّصْتْ المخدّة؟
    lēš ʕaffaṣt almaḵadda?
    why did you squish the pillow?

Conjugation

    Conjugation of عفص (ʕaffaṣ)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m عفصت (ʕaffaṣt) عفصت (ʕaffaṣt) عفص (ʕaffaṣ) عفصنا (ʕaffaṣna) عفصتوا (ʕaffaṣtu) عفصوا (ʕaffaṣu)
f عفصتي (ʕaffaṣti) عفصت (ʕaffaṣat)
non-past m أعفص (ʔaʕaffiṣ) تعفص (tiʕaffiṣ) يعفص (yiʕaffiṣ) نعفص (niʕaffiṣ) تعفصوا (tiʕaffiṣu) يعفصوا (yiʕaffiṣu)
f تعفصي (tiʕaffiṣi) تعفص (tiʕaffiṣ)
imperative m عفص (ʕaffiṣ) عفصوا (ʕaffiṣu)
f عفصي (ʕaffiṣi)

See also

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