عطر

Arabic

Etymology 1
Root
ع ط ر (ʕ-ṭ-r)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʕitˤr/

Noun

عِطْر • (ʕiṭr) m (plural عُطُور (ʕuṭūr) or عُطُورَات (ʕuṭūrāt))

  1. perfume, scent
  2. essence, attar
Declension
Declension of noun عِطْر (ʕiṭr)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عِطْر
ʕiṭr		 الْعِطْر
al-ʕiṭr		 عِطْر
ʕiṭr
Nominative عِطْرٌ
ʕiṭrun		 الْعِطْرُ
al-ʕiṭru		 عِطْرُ
ʕiṭru
Accusative عِطْرًا
ʕiṭran		 الْعِطْرَ
al-ʕiṭra		 عِطْرَ
ʕiṭra
Genitive عِطْرٍ
ʕiṭrin		 الْعِطْرِ
al-ʕiṭri		 عِطْرِ
ʕiṭri
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عِطْرَيْن
ʕiṭrayn		 الْعِطْرَيْن
al-ʕiṭrayn		 عِطْرَيْ
ʕiṭray
Nominative عِطْرَانِ
ʕiṭrāni		 الْعِطْرَانِ
al-ʕiṭrāni		 عِطْرَا
ʕiṭrā
Accusative عِطْرَيْنِ
ʕiṭrayni		 الْعِطْرَيْنِ
al-ʕiṭrayni		 عِطْرَيْ
ʕiṭray
Genitive عِطْرَيْنِ
ʕiṭrayni		 الْعِطْرَيْنِ
al-ʕiṭrayni		 عِطْرَيْ
ʕiṭray
Plural basic broken plural triptote‎; sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عُطُور‎; عُطُورَات
ʕuṭūr‎; ʕuṭūrāt		 الْعُطُور‎; الْعُطُورَات
al-ʕuṭūr‎; al-ʕuṭūrāt		 عُطُور‎; عُطُورَات
ʕuṭūr‎; ʕuṭūrāt
Nominative عُطُورٌ‎; عُطُورَاتٌ
ʕuṭūrun‎; ʕuṭūrātun		 الْعُطُورُ‎; الْعُطُورَاتُ
al-ʕuṭūru‎; al-ʕuṭūrātu		 عُطُورُ‎; عُطُورَاتُ
ʕuṭūru‎; ʕuṭūrātu
Accusative عُطُورًا‎; عُطُورَاتٍ
ʕuṭūran‎; ʕuṭūrātin		 الْعُطُورَ‎; الْعُطُورَاتِ
al-ʕuṭūra‎; al-ʕuṭūrāti		 عُطُورَ‎; عُطُورَاتِ
ʕuṭūra‎; ʕuṭūrāti
Genitive عُطُورٍ‎; عُطُورَاتٍ
ʕuṭūrin‎; ʕuṭūrātin		 الْعُطُورِ‎; الْعُطُورَاتِ
al-ʕuṭūri‎; al-ʕuṭūrāti		 عُطُورِ‎; عُطُورَاتِ
ʕuṭūri‎; ʕuṭūrāti
Descendants
  • Gulf Arabic: عطر (ʕiṭir)
  • Hijazi Arabic: عطر (ʕiṭir)
  • → Azerbaijani: ətir
  • → Ottoman Turkish: عطر (itr)
    • Turkish: ıtır
  • → Classical Persian: عطر ('itr) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Uzbek: atir

Etymology 2

Denominal verb from عِطْر (ʕiṭr, “perfume”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʕatˤ.tˤa.ra/

Verb

عَطَّرَ • (ʕaṭṭara) II, non-past يُعَطِّرُ‎ (yuʕaṭṭiru)

  1. to perfume
Conjugation
Conjugation of
عَطَّرَ
(form-II sound)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
taʕṭīr
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
مُعَطِّر

muʕaṭṭir
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مُعَطَّر

muʕaṭṭar
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد		 dual
الْمُثَنَّى		 plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم		 2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب		 3rd person
الْغَائِب		 2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب		 3rd person
الْغَائِب		 1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم		 2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب		 3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي		 m
ʕaṭṭartu
ʕaṭṭarta
ʕaṭṭara
عَطَّرْتُمَا

ʕaṭṭartumā
عَطَّرَا

ʕaṭṭarā
ʕaṭṭarnā
ʕaṭṭartum
ʕaṭṭarū
f
ʕaṭṭarti
ʕaṭṭarat
عَطَّرَتَا

ʕaṭṭaratā
ʕaṭṭartunna
ʕaṭṭarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع		 m
ʔuʕaṭṭiru
tuʕaṭṭiru
yuʕaṭṭiru
تُعَطِّرَانِ

tuʕaṭṭirāni
يُعَطِّرَانِ

yuʕaṭṭirāni
nuʕaṭṭiru
tuʕaṭṭirūna
yuʕaṭṭirūna
f
tuʕaṭṭirīna
tuʕaṭṭiru
تُعَطِّرَانِ

tuʕaṭṭirāni
tuʕaṭṭirna
yuʕaṭṭirna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب		 m
ʔuʕaṭṭira
tuʕaṭṭira
yuʕaṭṭira
تُعَطِّرَا

tuʕaṭṭirā
يُعَطِّرَا

yuʕaṭṭirā
nuʕaṭṭira
tuʕaṭṭirū
yuʕaṭṭirū
f
tuʕaṭṭirī
tuʕaṭṭira
تُعَطِّرَا

tuʕaṭṭirā
tuʕaṭṭirna
yuʕaṭṭirna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم		 m
ʔuʕaṭṭir
tuʕaṭṭir
yuʕaṭṭir
تُعَطِّرَا

tuʕaṭṭirā
يُعَطِّرَا

yuʕaṭṭirā
nuʕaṭṭir
tuʕaṭṭirū
yuʕaṭṭirū
f
tuʕaṭṭirī
tuʕaṭṭir
تُعَطِّرَا

tuʕaṭṭirā
tuʕaṭṭirna
yuʕaṭṭirna
imperative
الْأَمْر		 m
ʕaṭṭir
عَطِّرَا

ʕaṭṭirā
ʕaṭṭirū
f
ʕaṭṭirī
ʕaṭṭirna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد		 dual
الْمُثَنَّى		 plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم		 2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب		 3rd person
الْغَائِب		 2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب		 3rd person
الْغَائِب		 1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم		 2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب		 3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي		 m
ʕuṭṭirtu
ʕuṭṭirta
ʕuṭṭira
عُطِّرْتُمَا

ʕuṭṭirtumā
عُطِّرَا

ʕuṭṭirā
ʕuṭṭirnā
ʕuṭṭirtum
ʕuṭṭirū
f
ʕuṭṭirti
ʕuṭṭirat
عُطِّرَتَا

ʕuṭṭiratā
ʕuṭṭirtunna
ʕuṭṭirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع		 m
ʔuʕaṭṭaru
tuʕaṭṭaru
yuʕaṭṭaru
تُعَطَّرَانِ

tuʕaṭṭarāni
يُعَطَّرَانِ

yuʕaṭṭarāni
nuʕaṭṭaru
tuʕaṭṭarūna
yuʕaṭṭarūna
f
tuʕaṭṭarīna
tuʕaṭṭaru
تُعَطَّرَانِ

tuʕaṭṭarāni
tuʕaṭṭarna
yuʕaṭṭarna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب		 m
ʔuʕaṭṭara
tuʕaṭṭara
yuʕaṭṭara
تُعَطَّرَا

tuʕaṭṭarā
يُعَطَّرَا

yuʕaṭṭarā
nuʕaṭṭara
tuʕaṭṭarū
yuʕaṭṭarū
f
tuʕaṭṭarī
tuʕaṭṭara
تُعَطَّرَا

tuʕaṭṭarā
tuʕaṭṭarna
yuʕaṭṭarna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم		 m
ʔuʕaṭṭar
tuʕaṭṭar
yuʕaṭṭar
تُعَطَّرَا

tuʕaṭṭarā
يُعَطَّرَا

yuʕaṭṭarā
nuʕaṭṭar
tuʕaṭṭarū
yuʕaṭṭarū
f
tuʕaṭṭarī
tuʕaṭṭar
تُعَطَّرَا

tuʕaṭṭarā
tuʕaṭṭarna
yuʕaṭṭarna

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʕa.tˤir/

Adjective

عَطِر • (ʕaṭir)

  1. fragrant, sweet-smelling, aromatic
Declension
Declension of adjective عَطِر (ʕaṭir)
Singular Masculine Feminine
basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal عَطِر
ʕaṭir		 الْعَطِر
al-ʕaṭir		 عَطِرَة
ʕaṭira		 الْعَطِرَة
al-ʕaṭira
Nominative عَطِرٌ
ʕaṭirun		 الْعَطِرُ
al-ʕaṭiru		 عَطِرَةٌ
ʕaṭiratun		 الْعَطِرَةُ
al-ʕaṭiratu
Accusative عَطِرًا
ʕaṭiran		 الْعَطِرَ
al-ʕaṭira		 عَطِرَةً
ʕaṭiratan		 الْعَطِرَةَ
al-ʕaṭirata
Genitive عَطِرٍ
ʕaṭirin		 الْعَطِرِ
al-ʕaṭiri		 عَطِرَةٍ
ʕaṭiratin		 الْعَطِرَةِ
al-ʕaṭirati
Dual Masculine Feminine
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal عَطِرَيْن
ʕaṭirayn		 الْعَطِرَيْن
al-ʕaṭirayn		 عَطِرَتَيْن
ʕaṭiratayn		 الْعَطِرَتَيْن
al-ʕaṭiratayn
Nominative عَطِرَانِ
ʕaṭirāni		 الْعَطِرَانِ
al-ʕaṭirāni		 عَطِرَتَانِ
ʕaṭiratāni		 الْعَطِرَتَانِ
al-ʕaṭiratāni
Accusative عَطِرَيْنِ
ʕaṭirayni		 الْعَطِرَيْنِ
al-ʕaṭirayni		 عَطِرَتَيْنِ
ʕaṭiratayni		 الْعَطِرَتَيْنِ
al-ʕaṭiratayni
Genitive عَطِرَيْنِ
ʕaṭirayni		 الْعَطِرَيْنِ
al-ʕaṭirayni		 عَطِرَتَيْنِ
ʕaṭiratayni		 الْعَطِرَتَيْنِ
al-ʕaṭiratayni
Plural Masculine Feminine
plural unknown sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal ?
?		 ?
?		 عَطِرَات
ʕaṭirāt		 الْعَطِرَات
al-ʕaṭirāt
Nominative ?
?		 ?
?		 عَطِرَاتٌ
ʕaṭirātun		 الْعَطِرَاتُ
al-ʕaṭirātu
Accusative ?
?		 ?
?		 عَطِرَاتٍ
ʕaṭirātin		 الْعَطِرَاتِ
al-ʕaṭirāti
Genitive ?
?		 ?
?		 عَطِرَاتٍ
ʕaṭirātin		 الْعَطِرَاتِ
al-ʕaṭirāti

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology 1

From Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʕetˤr/

Noun

عطر • (ʕiṭr) m (plural عُطور (ʕuṭūr) or عِطُور (ʕiṭūr))

  1. (uncommon) perfume
    Synonym: ريحة (rīḥa)
    1. (uncommon) cologne
      Synonym: كُلونيا (kolonya)

Etymology 2

From Arabic عَطَّرَ (ʕaṭṭara, “to perfume”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʕatˤ.tˤar/

Verb

عطر • (ʕaṭṭar) II (non-past يِعَطَّر (yiʕaṭṭar))

  1. (transitive) to perfume
    عَطَّرت الأُٖوضة
    ʕaṭṭart il-ʔōda
    I perfumed the room

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʕetˤer, ʕitir/

Verb

عطر • (ʕeṭer) II (non-past يِعْطَر (yiʕṭar))

  1. (intransitive, with في (“into”), dated) to bump into, to clash with, to cross paths with, to come across
    أنا!؟، دا أنا لو عطرت ف الحرامي ده، دانا هوديه ورا الشمس!
    ʔana!?, da ʔana law ʕeṭert fe l-ḥarāmi da, dana ha-waddīh wara š-šams!
    Me?! If I ever found that swindler, I'd mess him up! (literally "take him behind the sun")

Gojri

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian عطر ('itr), from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).

Noun

عطر (atar) m

  1. scent, perfume, fragrance, aromatic compound

Further reading
  • Dr Rafique Anjum (2018) Concise Gojri-Kashmiri-English Dictionary, New Delhi: Adam Publishers & Distributors, →ISBN, page 310.

Hijazi Arabic
Root
ع ط ر
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʕi.tˤir/, [ʕɪ.tˤɪr]

Noun

عطر • (ʕiṭir) m (construct state عِطْر (ʕiṭr), plural عُطور (ʕuṭūr) or عطورات (ʕuṭūrāt))

  1. perfume
  2. cologne
    Synonym: كُلونيا (kulōnya)

Etymology 2

From Arabic عَطَّر (ʕaṭṭar, “to perfume”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʕatˤ.tˤar/

Verb

عطر • (ʕaṭṭar) II (non-past يِعَطِّر (yiʕaṭṭir))

  1. to perfume
    عَطَّرت الغُرفة
    ʕaṭṭart al-ḡurfa
    I perfumed the room
Conjugation
    Conjugation of عطر (ʕaṭṭar)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m عطرت (ʕaṭṭart) عطرت (ʕaṭṭart) عطر (ʕaṭṭar) عطرنا (ʕaṭṭarna) عطرتوا (ʕaṭṭartu) عطروا (ʕaṭṭaru)
f عطرتي (ʕaṭṭarti) عطرت (ʕaṭṭarat)
non-past m أعطر (ʔaʕaṭṭir) تعطر (tiʕaṭṭir) يعطر (yiʕaṭṭir) نعطر (niʕaṭṭir) تعطروا (tiʕaṭṭiru) يعطروا (yiʕaṭṭiru)
f تعطري (tiʕaṭṭiri) تعطر (tiʕaṭṭir)
imperative m عطر (ʕaṭṭir) عطروا (ʕaṭṭiru)
f عطري (ʕaṭṭiri)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).

Noun

عطر • (ıtr or ıtır)

  1. perfume
  2. fragrant plant; rose geranium

Derived terms
  • عطرجی (ıtırcı)

Descendants
  • Turkish: ıtır

References

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔät̪ɾ], [ʔɪt̪ɾ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ʔät̪ɾ], [ʔɪt̪ɾ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ʔät̪ɾ], [ʔit̪ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading? atr, itr
Dari reading? atr, itr
Iranian reading? atr, etr
Tajik reading? atr, itr

Noun
Dari عطر
Iranian Persian
Tajik атр, итр

عطر • ('atr, 'itr)

  1. perfume
  2. odour
  3. scent

Descendants

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian عطر ('itr), from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).

Pronunciation

Noun

عِطْر • (itr, atr) m (Hindi spelling इत्र)

  1. perfume
  2. fragrance
  3. essence
  4. attar
  5. odour
  6. scent

Further reading
  • “عطر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “عطر”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 762
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “عطر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 436
  • “عطر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
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