ش ه د

See also: شهد

Arabic

Root

ش ه د • (š-h-d)

related to witnessing

Derived terms

Verbs and verbal derivatives

Form I: شَهِدَ (šahida, “to witness”)
- Verbal noun: شُهُود (šuhūd), مَشْهَد (mašhad)
- Active participle: شَاهِد (šāhid, “witness, eye witness”)
- Passive participle: مَشْهُود (mašhūd, “witnessed”)
Form I: شَهِدَ (šahida, “to bear witness”)
- Verbal noun: شَهَادَة (šahāda, “witness, testimony”)
- Active participle: شَاهِد (šāhid, “witness, eye witness”)
- Passive participle: مَشْهُود (mašhūd)
Form II: شَهَّدَ (šahhada, “to dictate the shahada”)
- Verbal noun: تَشْهِيد (tašhīd, “The act of dictating the shahada”)
- Active participle: مُشَهِّد (mušahhid)
- Passive participle: مُشَهَّد (mušahhad)
Form III: شَاهَدَ (šāhada, “to watch, to see”)
- Verbal noun: مُشاهَدَة (mušāhada)
- Active participle: مُشاهِد (mušāhid, “viewer”)
- Passive participle: مُشَاهَد (mušāhad)
Form IV: أَشْهَدَ (ʔašhada, “to testify someone; to make someone testify”)
- Verbal noun: إِشْهَاد (ʔišhād)
- Active participle: مُشْهِد (mušhid)
- Passive participle: مُشْهَد (mušhad)
Form V: تَشَهَّدَ (tašahhada)
- Verbal noun: تَشَهُّد (tašahhud)
- Active participle: مُتَشَهِّد (mutašahhid)
- Passive participle: مُتَشَهَّد (mutašahhad)
Form VI: تَشَاهَدَ (tašāhada)
- Verbal noun: تَشَاهُد (tašāhud)
- Active participle: مُتَشَاهِد (mutašāhid)
- Passive participle: مُتَشَاهَد (mutašāhad)
Form X: اِسْتَشْهَدَ (istašhada, “to cite”)
- Verbal noun: اِسْتِشْهَاد (istišhād)
- Active participle: مُسْتَشْهِد (mustašhid)
- Passive participle: مُسْتَشْهَد (mustašhad)
Form X: اُسْتُشْهِدَ (ustušhida, “to become a martyr to”)
- Verbal noun: اِسْتِشْهَاد (istišhād)
- Passive participle: مُسْتَشْهَد (mustašhad)

Nouns and adjectives

مَشْهَدٌ f (mašhadun, “scene”, common noun)
شَهادَة f (šahāda, “certificate, diploma; martyrdom”)
مَشْهَد f (mašhad, “Mashhad”, proper noun)
شُهْد (šuhd, “honey, nectar, sweet”)

References

Wehr, Hans (1979) “كتب”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

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