سرف

See also: شرق, شرف, سرق, and سرڤ

Arabic
Root
س ر ف (s-r-f)

Noun

سَرَف • (saraf) m

  1. dissipation, waste
  2. exaggeration, immoderateness, intemperance
  3. extravagance, prodigality
    • a. 869, Al-Jāḥiẓ, “خطبة الكتاب”, in Muḥammad Fatḥī ʾAbū Bakr, editor, Al-Buḵalāʾ, 5th edition, Egyptian-Lebanese Publishing House, published 2021, →ISBN, page 30:
      وَلِمَ جَعَلُوا الْجُودَ سَرَفًا وَٱلْأَثْرَةَ جَهْلًا
      walima jaʕalū l-jūda sarafan wal-ʔaṯrata jahlan
      Why do they portray benevolence as extravagance and depict unselfishness as folly?
      Translated by Jim Colville
    • 11th century, Al-Raghib al-Isfahani, Al-Kulliyyāt:
      السرف: تجاوز الحد في كلِّ فعل يفعله الإنسان، وإن كان ذلك في الإنفاق أشهر
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension
Declension of noun سَرَف (saraf)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سَرَف
saraf		 السَّرَف
as-saraf		 سَرَف
saraf
Nominative سَرَفٌ
sarafun		 السَّرَفُ
as-sarafu		 سَرَفُ
sarafu
Accusative سَرَفًا
sarafan		 السَّرَفَ
as-sarafa		 سَرَفَ
sarafa
Genitive سَرَفٍ
sarafin		 السَّرَفِ
as-sarafi		 سَرَفِ
sarafi

Synonyms

References
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “سرف”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Persian

Pronunciation
 

Readings
Classical reading? surf
Dari reading? surf
Iranian reading? sorf
Tajik reading? surf

Verb

سرف • (sorf)

  1. present stem form of سرفیدن (sorfidan)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic سَرَف (saraf).

Noun

سرف • (sarf) m (Hindi spelling सर्फ़)

  1. extravagance, excess, non-essential expenditure

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu سرف (sarf).

Noun

سرف (sarf)

  1. extravagance, excess, non-essential expenditure
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