ختن
Arabic
Root |
---|
خ ت ن (ḵ-t-n) |
Etymology
Inherited noun from Proto-Semitic *ḫatan- (“son-in-law”). Thereof the base stem was formed in the sense of a causative “to have a bridegroom”; the active part خَاتِن (ḵātin) being the father-in-law and a circumciser: though we cannot answer at this place the ancient history of circumcision in detail, nor will anyone on the internet without great animosity, apparently from the occasion of taking a wife a man’s prepuce was considered less necessary, hence the making eligible was equated with circumcising. The other meanings given by the lexicographic tradition of “outwitting, circumventing” and “cutting around or truncating” probably don’t point to an original word in meanings of going around or cutting around but are rather vulgarities punning upon the practice of circumcision; see also our explanation of عَرُوب (ʕarūb).
Verb
خَتَنَ • (ḵatana) I, non-past يَخْتِنُ (yaḵtinu)
- to circumcise
- (obsolete) to give a feast or banquet for on account of wedding or circumcision
- (obsolete) to delude, to outwit, to circumvent (as خَدَعَ (ḵadaʕa) and خَتَلَ (ḵatala))
- (obsolete) to truncate, to cut parts off around, to diminish
Conjugation
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
ḵatn or ḵitān or ḵitāna | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
خَاتِن ḵātin | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maḵtūn | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḵatantu |
ḵatanta |
ḵatana |
خَتَنْتُمَا ḵatantumā |
ḵatanā |
ḵatannā |
ḵatantum |
ḵatanū | |||
f | ḵatanti |
ḵatanat |
خَتَنَتَا ḵatanatā |
ḵatantunna |
ḵatanna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaḵtinu |
taḵtinu |
yaḵtinu |
تَخْتِنَانِ taḵtināni |
يَخْتِنَانِ yaḵtināni |
naḵtinu |
taḵtinūna |
yaḵtinūna | |||
f | taḵtinīna |
taḵtinu |
تَخْتِنَانِ taḵtināni |
taḵtinna |
yaḵtinna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaḵtina |
taḵtina |
yaḵtina |
تَخْتِنَا taḵtinā |
يَخْتِنَا yaḵtinā |
naḵtina |
taḵtinū |
yaḵtinū | |||
f | taḵtinī |
taḵtina |
تَخْتِنَا taḵtinā |
taḵtinna |
yaḵtinna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaḵtin |
taḵtin |
yaḵtin |
تَخْتِنَا taḵtinā |
يَخْتِنَا yaḵtinā |
naḵtin |
taḵtinū |
yaḵtinū | |||
f | taḵtinī |
taḵtin |
تَخْتِنَا taḵtinā |
taḵtinna |
yaḵtinna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iḵtin |
اِخْتِنَا iḵtinā |
iḵtinū |
||||||||
f | iḵtinī |
iḵtinna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḵutintu |
ḵutinta |
ḵutina |
خُتِنْتُمَا ḵutintumā |
ḵutinā |
ḵutinnā |
ḵutintum |
ḵutinū | |||
f | ḵutinti |
ḵutinat |
خُتِنَتَا ḵutinatā |
ḵutintunna |
ḵutinna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuḵtanu |
tuḵtanu |
yuḵtanu |
تُخْتَنَانِ tuḵtanāni |
يُخْتَنَانِ yuḵtanāni |
nuḵtanu |
tuḵtanūna |
yuḵtanūna | |||
f | tuḵtanīna |
tuḵtanu |
تُخْتَنَانِ tuḵtanāni |
tuḵtanna |
yuḵtanna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuḵtana |
tuḵtana |
yuḵtana |
تُخْتَنَا tuḵtanā |
يُخْتَنَا yuḵtanā |
nuḵtana |
tuḵtanū |
yuḵtanū | |||
f | tuḵtanī |
tuḵtana |
تُخْتَنَا tuḵtanā |
tuḵtanna |
yuḵtanna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuḵtan |
tuḵtan |
yuḵtan |
تُخْتَنَا tuḵtanā |
يُخْتَنَا yuḵtanā |
nuḵtan |
tuḵtanū |
yuḵtanū | |||
f | tuḵtanī |
tuḵtan |
تُخْتَنَا tuḵtanā |
tuḵtanna |
yuḵtanna |
Declension
Noun
خَتَن • (ḵatan) m (plural أَخْتَان (ʔaḵtān), feminine خَتَنَة (ḵatana) or خَتْنَة (ḵatna))
- (archaic) a man being related through marriage (son-in-law or brother-in-law or father-in-law or bridegroom)
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | خَتَن ḵatan |
الْخَتَن al-ḵatan |
خَتَن ḵatan |
Nominative | خَتَنٌ ḵatanun |
الْخَتَنُ al-ḵatanu |
خَتَنُ ḵatanu |
Accusative | خَتَنًا ḵatanan |
الْخَتَنَ al-ḵatana |
خَتَنَ ḵatana |
Genitive | خَتَنٍ ḵatanin |
الْخَتَنِ al-ḵatani |
خَتَنِ ḵatani |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | خَتَنَيْن ḵatanayn |
الْخَتَنَيْن al-ḵatanayn |
خَتَنَيْ ḵatanay |
Nominative | خَتَنَانِ ḵatanāni |
الْخَتَنَانِ al-ḵatanāni |
خَتَنَا ḵatanā |
Accusative | خَتَنَيْنِ ḵatanayni |
الْخَتَنَيْنِ al-ḵatanayni |
خَتَنَيْ ḵatanay |
Genitive | خَتَنَيْنِ ḵatanayni |
الْخَتَنَيْنِ al-ḵatanayni |
خَتَنَيْ ḵatanay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَخْتَان ʔaḵtān |
الْأَخْتَان al-ʔaḵtān |
أَخْتَان ʔaḵtān |
Nominative | أَخْتَانٌ ʔaḵtānun |
الْأَخْتَانُ al-ʔaḵtānu |
أَخْتَانُ ʔaḵtānu |
Accusative | أَخْتَانًا ʔaḵtānan |
الْأَخْتَانَ al-ʔaḵtāna |
أَخْتَانَ ʔaḵtāna |
Genitive | أَخْتَانٍ ʔaḵtānin |
الْأَخْتَانِ al-ʔaḵtāni |
أَخْتَانِ ʔaḵtāni |