جهنم
See also: جہنم
Arabic
Etymology
Borrowed from Hebrew גֵּיהִנָּם (gēhinnām), from גֵּיא בֶן הִנֹּם (gē ḇen hinnōm, “valley of the son of Hinom”). The vocalization suggests that it may have been borrowed via Ge'ez ገሀነም (gähännäm).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d͡ʒa.han.nam/
Proper noun
جَهَنَّم • (jahannam) f
Declension
Related terms
- جَهَنَّمِيّ (jahannamiyy)
Descendants
- → Armenian: ջանդամ (ǰandam), ջհանդամ (ǰhandam), ջահանդամ (ǰahandam), ջհաննամ (ǰhannam), ջայնամ (ǰaynam), ջահնամ (ǰahnam)
- → Azerbaijani: cəhənnəm
- → Bashkir: йәһәннәм (yəhənnəm)
- → English: Jahannam
- → Karaim: джаханам (cahanam)
- → Kazakh: жаһаннам (jahannam)
- → Malay: jahanam
- → Ottoman Turkish: جهنم (cehennem)
- → Classical Persian: جَهَنَّم (jahannam)
- → Swahili: jahanamu
- → Tabasaran: жегьеннем (žehennem)
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
From Arabic جَهَنَّم (jahannam), from Hebrew גֵּיהִנּוֹם (gehinóm, “Gehenna”), from גַּיא בֶּן הִנֹּם (Ge ben Hinnom, “Valley of Hinnom”).
Noun
جهنم • (cehennem)
Derived terms
- جهنم دیبی (cehennem dibi, “bottom of the hell”)
- جهنم طاشی (cehennem taşı, “lunar caustic”)
- جهنم كوتوكی (cehennem kütüğü, “a hardened sinner”)
- جهنملك (cehennemlik, “place like hell”)
- جهنملی (cehennemli, “hellish, damned”)
- جهنمی (cehennemî, “hellish, damned”)
Descendants
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “cehennem”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 768
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “جهنم”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français, Vienna: F. Beck, page 193a
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “جهنم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 453
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Infernus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 795
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “جهنم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 1695
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “cehennem”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “جهنم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 694
Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic جَهَنَّم (jahannam), from Hebrew גֵּיהִנּוֹם (gehinóm), from גַּיא בֶּן הִנֹּם (ge ben hinnom, “Valley of Hinnom”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [d͡ʒa.han.ˈnam]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒä.ɦän.nǽm]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɑːän.nǽm]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɔːän.nǽm]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒæ.ɦæn.nǽm]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒä.ɦän.nǽm]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | jahannam |
| Dari reading? | jahannam |
| Iranian reading? | jahannam |
| Tajik reading? | jahannam |
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