أفتى

Arabic

Etymology

From Classical Syriac ܐܦܬܝ (ʾap̄tī, “to expand; to propagate (orthodoxy)”),[1] which is a causative to Proto-West Semitic *pataw- (“to penetrate”), perhaps also encompassing idioms such as Akkadian 𒊻𒉆 𒉿𒌅𒌑𒌝 (uznam petûm), 𒊻𒉆 𒁍𒌓𒌅𒌝 (uznam puttûm, literally “to open an ear”),[2] from the related *pataḥ- (“to open”), so it would be equivalent to Arabic فَتَحَ أُذْنًا (fataḥa ʔuḏnan).

The corresponding noun فَتْوَى (fatwā, “formal opinion”) has its patterning reflecting Classical Syriac ܦܬܘܐ (peṯwā, “spinning out, breadth (of words)”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔaf.taː/

Verb

أَفْتَى • (ʔaftā) IV, non-past يُفْتِي‎ (yuftī) (transitive)

(law) to deliver a formal opinion to (someone)
1. (Islam) to deliver a fatwa
to furnish (someone) with information

Conjugation

Conjugation of

أَفْتَى

(form-IV final-weak)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					إِفْتَاء ʔiftāʔ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُفْتٍ muftin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُفْتًى muftan
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أَفْتَيْتُ ʔaftaytu	أَفْتَيْتَ ʔaftayta	أَفْتَى ʔaftā	أَفْتَيْتُمَا ʔaftaytumā	أَفْتَيَا ʔaftayā	أَفْتَيْنَا ʔaftaynā	أَفْتَيْتُمْ ʔaftaytum	أَفْتَوْا ʔaftaw
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	أَفْتَيْتُ ʔaftaytu	أَفْتَيْتِ ʔaftayti	أَفْتَتْ ʔaftat	أَفْتَيْتُمَا ʔaftaytumā	أَفْتَتَا ʔaftatā	أَفْتَيْنَا ʔaftaynā	أَفْتَيْتُنَّ ʔaftaytunna	أَفْتَيْنَ ʔaftayna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُفْتِي ʔuftī	تُفْتِي tuftī	يُفْتِي yuftī	تُفْتِيَانِ tuftiyāni	يُفْتِيَانِ yuftiyāni	نُفْتِي nuftī	تُفْتُونَ tuftūna	يُفْتُونَ yuftūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُفْتِي ʔuftī	تُفْتِينَ tuftīna	تُفْتِي tuftī	تُفْتِيَانِ tuftiyāni	تُفْتِيَانِ tuftiyāni	نُفْتِي nuftī	تُفْتِينَ tuftīna	يُفْتِينَ yuftīna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُفْتِيَ ʔuftiya	تُفْتِيَ tuftiya	يُفْتِيَ yuftiya	تُفْتِيَا tuftiyā	يُفْتِيَا yuftiyā	نُفْتِيَ nuftiya	تُفْتُوا tuftū	يُفْتُوا yuftū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُفْتِيَ ʔuftiya	تُفْتِي tuftī	تُفْتِيَ tuftiya	تُفْتِيَا tuftiyā	تُفْتِيَا tuftiyā	نُفْتِيَ nuftiya	تُفْتِينَ tuftīna	يُفْتِينَ yuftīna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُفْتِ ʔufti	تُفْتِ tufti	يُفْتِ yufti	تُفْتِيَا tuftiyā	يُفْتِيَا yuftiyā	نُفْتِ nufti	تُفْتُوا tuftū	يُفْتُوا yuftū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُفْتِ ʔufti	تُفْتِي tuftī	تُفْتِ tufti	تُفْتِيَا tuftiyā	تُفْتِيَا tuftiyā	نُفْتِ nufti	تُفْتِينَ tuftīna	يُفْتِينَ yuftīna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		أَفْتِ ʔafti		أَفْتِيَا ʔaftiyā			أَفْتُوا ʔaftū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		أَفْتِي ʔaftī		أَفْتِيَا ʔaftiyā			أَفْتِينَ ʔaftīna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أُفْتِيتُ ʔuftītu	أُفْتِيتَ ʔuftīta	أُفْتِيَ ʔuftiya	أُفْتِيتُمَا ʔuftītumā	أُفْتِيَا ʔuftiyā	أُفْتِينَا ʔuftīnā	أُفْتِيتُمْ ʔuftītum	أُفْتُوا ʔuftū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	أُفْتِيتُ ʔuftītu	أُفْتِيتِ ʔuftīti	أُفْتِيَتْ ʔuftiyat	أُفْتِيتُمَا ʔuftītumā	أُفْتِيَتَا ʔuftiyatā	أُفْتِينَا ʔuftīnā	أُفْتِيتُنَّ ʔuftītunna	أُفْتِينَ ʔuftīna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُفْتَى ʔuftā	تُفْتَى tuftā	يُفْتَى yuftā	تُفْتَيَانِ tuftayāni	يُفْتَيَانِ yuftayāni	نُفْتَى nuftā	تُفْتَوْنَ tuftawna	يُفْتَوْنَ yuftawna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُفْتَى ʔuftā	تُفْتَيْنَ tuftayna	تُفْتَى tuftā	تُفْتَيَانِ tuftayāni	تُفْتَيَانِ tuftayāni	نُفْتَى nuftā	تُفْتَيْنَ tuftayna	يُفْتَيْنَ yuftayna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُفْتَى ʔuftā	تُفْتَى tuftā	يُفْتَى yuftā	تُفْتَيَا tuftayā	يُفْتَيَا yuftayā	نُفْتَى nuftā	تُفْتَوْا tuftaw	يُفْتَوْا yuftaw
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُفْتَى ʔuftā	تُفْتَيْ tuftay	تُفْتَى tuftā	تُفْتَيَا tuftayā	تُفْتَيَا tuftayā	نُفْتَى nuftā	تُفْتَيْنَ tuftayna	يُفْتَيْنَ yuftayna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُفْتَ ʔufta	تُفْتَ tufta	يُفْتَ yufta	تُفْتَيَا tuftayā	يُفْتَيَا yuftayā	نُفْتَ nufta	تُفْتَوْا tuftaw	يُفْتَوْا yuftaw
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُفْتَ ʔufta	تُفْتَيْ tuftay	تُفْتَ tufta	تُفْتَيَا tuftayā	تُفْتَيَا tuftayā	نُفْتَ nufta	تُفْتَيْنَ tuftayna	يُفْتَيْنَ yuftayna

References

Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 615b
Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 946

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[1] Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 615b

[2] Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 946