أشل
Arabic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔa.ʃal.la/
Verb
أَشَلَّ • (ʔašalla) IV, non-past يُشِلُّ (yušillu)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
أَشَلَّ
(form-IV geminate)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
إِشْلَال ʔišlāl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُشِلّ mušill | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُشَلّ mušall | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | أَشْلَلْتُ ʔašlaltu |
أَشْلَلْتَ ʔašlalta |
ʔašalla |
أَشْلَلْتُمَا ʔašlaltumā |
أَشَلَّا ʔašallā |
أَشْلَلْنَا ʔašlalnā |
أَشْلَلْتُمْ ʔašlaltum |
أَشَلُّوا ʔašallū | |||
f | أَشْلَلْتِ ʔašlalti |
أَشَلَّتْ ʔašallat |
أَشَلَّتَا ʔašallatā |
أَشْلَلْتُنَّ ʔašlaltunna |
أَشْلَلْنَ ʔašlalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔušillu |
تُشِلُّ tušillu |
يُشِلُّ yušillu |
تُشِلَّانِ tušillāni |
يُشِلَّانِ yušillāni |
nušillu |
تُشِلُّونَ tušillūna |
يُشِلُّونَ yušillūna | |||
f | تُشِلِّينَ tušillīna |
تُشِلُّ tušillu |
تُشِلَّانِ tušillāni |
تُشْلِلْنَ tušlilna |
يُشْلِلْنَ yušlilna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔušilla |
تُشِلَّ tušilla |
يُشِلَّ yušilla |
تُشِلَّا tušillā |
يُشِلَّا yušillā |
nušilla |
تُشِلُّوا tušillū |
يُشِلُّوا yušillū | |||
f | تُشِلِّي tušillī |
تُشِلَّ tušilla |
تُشِلَّا tušillā |
تُشْلِلْنَ tušlilna |
يُشْلِلْنَ yušlilna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔušilla or ʔušilli or ʔušlil |
تُشِلَّ or تُشِلِّ or تُشْلِلْ tušilla or tušilli or tušlil |
يُشِلَّ or يُشِلِّ or يُشْلِلْ yušilla or yušilli or yušlil |
تُشِلَّا tušillā |
يُشِلَّا yušillā |
nušilla or nušilli or nušlil |
تُشِلُّوا tušillū |
يُشِلُّوا yušillū | |||
f | تُشِلِّي tušillī |
تُشِلَّ or تُشِلِّ or تُشْلِلْ tušilla or tušilli or tušlil |
تُشِلَّا tušillā |
تُشْلِلْنَ tušlilna |
يُشْلِلْنَ yušlilna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ʔašilla or ʔašilli or ʔašlil |
أَشِلَّا ʔašillā |
أَشِلُّوا ʔašillū |
||||||||
f | أَشِلِّي ʔašillī |
أَشْلِلْنَ ʔašlilna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | أُشْلِلْتُ ʔušliltu |
أُشْلِلْتَ ʔušlilta |
ʔušilla |
أُشْلِلْتُمَا ʔušliltumā |
أُشِلَّا ʔušillā |
أُشْلِلْنَا ʔušlilnā |
أُشْلِلْتُمْ ʔušliltum |
أُشِلُّوا ʔušillū | |||
f | أُشْلِلْتِ ʔušlilti |
أُشِلَّتْ ʔušillat |
أُشِلَّتَا ʔušillatā |
أُشْلِلْتُنَّ ʔušliltunna |
أُشْلِلْنَ ʔušlilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔušallu |
تُشَلُّ tušallu |
يُشَلُّ yušallu |
تُشَلَّانِ tušallāni |
يُشَلَّانِ yušallāni |
nušallu |
تُشَلُّونَ tušallūna |
يُشَلُّونَ yušallūna | |||
f | تُشَلِّينَ tušallīna |
تُشَلُّ tušallu |
تُشَلَّانِ tušallāni |
تُشْلَلْنَ tušlalna |
يُشْلَلْنَ yušlalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔušalla |
تُشَلَّ tušalla |
يُشَلَّ yušalla |
تُشَلَّا tušallā |
يُشَلَّا yušallā |
nušalla |
تُشَلُّوا tušallū |
يُشَلُّوا yušallū | |||
f | تُشَلِّي tušallī |
تُشَلَّ tušalla |
تُشَلَّا tušallā |
تُشْلَلْنَ tušlalna |
يُشْلَلْنَ yušlalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔušalla or ʔušalli or ʔušlal |
تُشَلَّ or تُشَلِّ or تُشْلَلْ tušalla or tušalli or tušlal |
يُشَلَّ or يُشَلِّ or يُشْلَلْ yušalla or yušalli or yušlal |
تُشَلَّا tušallā |
يُشَلَّا yušallā |
nušalla or nušalli or nušlal |
تُشَلُّوا tušallū |
يُشَلُّوا yušallū | |||
f | تُشَلِّي tušallī |
تُشَلَّ or تُشَلِّ or تُشْلَلْ tušalla or tušalli or tušlal |
تُشَلَّا tušallā |
تُشْلَلْنَ tušlalna |
يُشْلَلْنَ yušlalna |
Etymology 2
Color or defect adjective from the root ش ل ل (š-l-l).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔa.ʃall/
Declension
Declension of adjective أَشَلّ (ʔašall)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular diptote | basic singular diptote | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | أَشَلّ ʔašall |
الْأَشَلّ al-ʔašall |
شَلَّاء šallāʔ |
الشَّلَّاء aš-šallāʔ |
Nominative | أَشَلُّ ʔašallu |
الْأَشَلُّ al-ʔašallu |
شَلَّاءُ šallāʔu |
الشَّلَّاءُ aš-šallāʔu |
Accusative | أَشَلَّ ʔašalla |
الْأَشَلَّ al-ʔašalla |
شَلَّاءَ šallāʔa |
الشَّلَّاءَ aš-šallāʔa |
Genitive | أَشَلَّ ʔašalla |
الْأَشَلِّ al-ʔašalli |
شَلَّاءَ šallāʔa |
الشَّلَّاءِ aš-šallāʔi |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | أَشَلَّيْن ʔašallayn |
الْأَشَلَّيْن al-ʔašallayn |
شَلَّاوَيْن šallāwayn |
الشَّلَّاوَيْن aš-šallāwayn |
Nominative | أَشَلَّانِ ʔašallāni |
الْأَشَلَّانِ al-ʔašallāni |
شَلَّاوَانِ šallāwāni |
الشَّلَّاوَانِ aš-šallāwāni |
Accusative | أَشَلَّيْنِ ʔašallayni |
الْأَشَلَّيْنِ al-ʔašallayni |
شَلَّاوَيْنِ šallāwayni |
الشَّلَّاوَيْنِ aš-šallāwayni |
Genitive | أَشَلَّيْنِ ʔašallayni |
الْأَشَلَّيْنِ al-ʔašallayni |
شَلَّاوَيْنِ šallāwayni |
الشَّلَّاوَيْنِ aš-šallāwayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
basic broken plural triptote | basic broken plural triptote | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | شُلّ šull |
الشُّلّ aš-šull |
شُلّ šull |
الشُّلّ aš-šull |
Nominative | شُلٌّ šullun |
الشُّلُّ aš-šullu |
شُلٌّ šullun |
الشُّلُّ aš-šullu |
Accusative | شُلًّا šullan |
الشُّلَّ aš-šulla |
شُلًّا šullan |
الشُّلَّ aš-šulla |
Genitive | شُلٍّ šullin |
الشُّلِّ aš-šulli |
شُلٍّ šullin |
الشُّلِّ aš-šulli |
Etymology 3
From Aramaic אַשְׁלָא (ašlā, “rope”) (Classical Syriac ܐܻܝܫܠܴܐ (ʾīšlā, “rope”)), in Imperial Aramaic 𐡀𐡔𐡋 (ʾšl, “a surface measure”), from Akkadian 𒌑𒌃 (ÚNINNI5 /ašlu/, “rush; tow-rope; measuring rope; a linear measure of about 60 meters; a surface measure”). Doublet of أَسَل (ʔasal, “long and slender twigs; rush; spear”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔaʃl/
Noun
أَشْل • (ʔašl) m (plural أُشُول (ʔušūl)) (obsolete)
- rope
- a linear measure of sixty cubits (ذِرَاع (ḏirāʕ))
- 975–997, محمد بن أحمد الخوارزمي [muḥammad ibn ʕaḥmad al-ḵwārizmī], edited by Gerlof van Vloten, مفاتيح العلوم [mafātīḥ al-ʕulūm], Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1895, page 66 line 8:
Declension
Declension of noun أَشْل (ʔašl)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَشْل ʔašl |
الْأَشْل al-ʔašl |
أَشْل ʔašl |
Nominative | أَشْلٌ ʔašlun |
الْأَشْلُ al-ʔašlu |
أَشْلُ ʔašlu |
Accusative | أَشْلًا ʔašlan |
الْأَشْلَ al-ʔašla |
أَشْلَ ʔašla |
Genitive | أَشْلٍ ʔašlin |
الْأَشْلِ al-ʔašli |
أَشْلِ ʔašli |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | أَشْلَيْن ʔašlayn |
الْأَشْلَيْن al-ʔašlayn |
أَشْلَيْ ʔašlay |
Nominative | أَشْلَانِ ʔašlāni |
الْأَشْلَانِ al-ʔašlāni |
أَشْلَا ʔašlā |
Accusative | أَشْلَيْنِ ʔašlayni |
الْأَشْلَيْنِ al-ʔašlayni |
أَشْلَيْ ʔašlay |
Genitive | أَشْلَيْنِ ʔašlayni |
الْأَشْلَيْنِ al-ʔašlayni |
أَشْلَيْ ʔašlay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أُشُول ʔušūl |
الْأُشُول al-ʔušūl |
أُشُول ʔušūl |
Nominative | أُشُولٌ ʔušūlun |
الْأُشُولُ al-ʔušūlu |
أُشُولُ ʔušūlu |
Accusative | أُشُولًا ʔušūlan |
الْأُشُولَ al-ʔušūla |
أُشُولَ ʔušūla |
Genitive | أُشُولٍ ʔušūlin |
الْأُشُولِ al-ʔušūli |
أُشُولِ ʔušūli |
References
- “ˀšl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 229
- Freytag, Georg (1830) “أَشْلٌ”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 38b
- Freytag, Georg (1833) “ش ل ل”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 445b–446a
- Kaufman, Stephen A. (1974) The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic (The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Assyriological Studies; 19), Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 39
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1930) “أَشْل”, in Jörg Kraemer, editor, Belegwörterbuch zur klassischen arabischen Sprache, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, published 1952–1953, Fascicles 1 and 2 (Only Alif), page 27
- Sauvaire, Henri (1886) “Matériaux pour servir à l’histoire de la numismatique et de la mythologie musulmanes”, in Journal asiatique (in French), published Part I in 1879 Autumn 455, Part II 1884 Spring 368, Part II continuation 1884 in Autumn 207, Part II end in 1885 Spring 498, Part III in 1886 Spring 124, Part III continuation in 1886 Spring 394, Part III other continuation 1886 Autumn 272, Part IV 1886 Autumn 479, page 481 seqq. of part four continuation
- Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 35
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