լքանեմ
Old Armenian
Alternative forms
Etymology
The present լիք- (likʻ-) + -ան- (-an-) is a remodelling of Proto-Indo-European *linékʷti, nasal-infix present of *leykʷ-. The aorist ելիք (elikʻ), լիք (likʻ) is from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁é-)likʷet, thematic root aorist of *leykʷ-.
Verb
լքանեմ • (lkʻanem)
- (transitive) to leave, to abandon, to desert, to forsake, to quit, to give up
- (transitive) to disable
- (transitive) to dismantle
- (transitive) to discourage, to dishearten
- (mediopassive, intransitive) to grow weak, to be disabled, to languish, to want force
- (mediopassive, intransitive) to despair, to be dispirited
Conjugation
active
| infinitive | լքանել (lkʻanel) | participle | լքեալ (lkʻeal) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| causative | լքուցանեմ (lkʻucʻanem) | aorist stem | լք- (lkʻ-) | ||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | լքանեմ (lkʻanem) | լքանես (lkʻanes) | լքանէ (lkʻanē) | լքանեմք (lkʻanemkʻ) | լքանէք (lkʻanēkʻ) | լքանեն (lkʻanen) | |
| imperfect | լքանէի, լքանեի* (lkʻanēi, lkʻanei*) | լքանէիր, լքանեիր* (lkʻanēir, lkʻaneir*) | լքանէր (lkʻanēr) | լքանէաք, լքանեաք* (lkʻanēakʻ, lkʻaneakʻ*) | լքանէիք, լքանեիք* (lkʻanēikʻ, lkʻaneikʻ*) | լքանէին, լքանեին* (lkʻanēin, lkʻanein*) | |
| aorist | լքի (lkʻi) | լքեր (lkʻer) | լիք, ելիք (likʻ, elikʻ) | լքաք (lkʻakʻ) | լքէք, լքիք (lkʻēkʻ, lkʻikʻ) | լքին (lkʻin) | |
| subjunctive | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | լքանիցեմ (lkʻanicʻem) | լքանիցես (lkʻanicʻes) | լքանիցէ (lkʻanicʻē) | լքանիցեմք (lkʻanicʻemkʻ) | լքանիցէք (lkʻanicʻēkʻ) | լքանիցեն (lkʻanicʻen) | |
| aorist | լքից (lkʻicʻ) | լքցես (lkʻcʻes) | լքցէ (lkʻcʻē) | լքցուք (lkʻcʻukʻ) | լքջիք (lkʻǰikʻ) | լքցեն (lkʻcʻen) | |
| imperatives | — | (դու) | — | — | (դուք) | — | |
| imperative | — | լի՛ք (líkʻ) | — | — | լքէ՛ք (lkʻḗkʻ) | — | |
| cohortative | — | լքջի՛ր (lkʻǰír) | — | — | լքջի՛ք (lkʻǰíkʻ) | — | |
| prohibitive | — | մի՛ լքաներ (mí lkʻaner) | — | — | մի՛ լքանէք (mí lkʻanēkʻ) | — | |
| *rare | |||||||
mediopassive
| infinitive | լքանել, լքանիլ* (lkʻanel, lkʻanil*) | participle | լքեալ (lkʻeal) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| causative | լքուցանեմ (lkʻucʻanem) | aorist stem | լք- (lkʻ-) | ||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | լքանիմ (lkʻanim) | լքանիս (lkʻanis) | լքանի (lkʻani) | լքանիմք (lkʻanimkʻ) | լքանիք (lkʻanikʻ) | լքանին (lkʻanin) | |
| imperfect | լքանէի (lkʻanēi) | լքանէիր (lkʻanēir) | լքանէր, լքանիւր (lkʻanēr, lkʻaniwr) | լքանէաք (lkʻanēakʻ) | լքանէիք (lkʻanēikʻ) | լքանէին (lkʻanēin) | |
| aorist | լքայ (lkʻay) | լքար (lkʻar) | լքաւ (lkʻaw) | լքաք (lkʻakʻ) | լքայք (lkʻaykʻ) | լքան (lkʻan) | |
| subjunctive | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | լքանիցիմ (lkʻanicʻim) | լքանիցիս (lkʻanicʻis) | լքանիցի (lkʻanicʻi) | լքանիցիմք (lkʻanicʻimkʻ) | լքանիցիք (lkʻanicʻikʻ) | լքանիցին (lkʻanicʻin) | |
| aorist | լքայց (lkʻaycʻ) | լքցիս (lkʻcʻis) | լքցի (lkʻcʻi) | լքցուք (lkʻcʻukʻ) | լքջիք (lkʻǰikʻ) | լքցին (lkʻcʻin) | |
| imperatives | — | (դու) | — | — | (դուք) | — | |
| imperative | — | լքի՛ր (lkʻír) | — | — | լքարո՛ւք (lkʻarúkʻ) | — | |
| cohortative | — | լքջի՛ր (lkʻǰír) | — | — | լքջի՛ք (lkʻǰíkʻ) | — | |
| prohibitive | — | մի՛ լքանիր (mí lkʻanir) | — | — | մի՛ լքանիք (mí lkʻanikʻ) | — | |
| *post-classical | |||||||
Derived terms
References
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “լքանեմ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
- Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1940) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 26
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “լքանեմ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 385
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 310
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “լքանեմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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