զէն

Old Armenian

Etymology

From Middle Iranian. Compare Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (zyn'), 𐫉𐫏𐫗 (zyn /⁠zēn⁠/, weapon, armour), Parthian 𐫉𐫏𐫗 (zyn /⁠zēn⁠/, weapon, armour), Sogdian [script needed] (zyn' /⁠zēn⁠/, armour, weapon), Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬀 m (zaēna, weapon), 𐬰𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬁𐬎 f (zaēnāu, baldric), which go back to Proto-Iranian *zayana- or *zaina-. For further origin compare Sanskrit हिनोति (hinóti, to impel, stimulate), from root *ǵʰey- (to drive, move, fling). Compare also Iranian borrowings: Tocharian B tsain (arrow), plural tsainwa, Old Aramaic 𐡆𐡉𐡍𐡀 (zynʾ), Classical Syriac ܙܝܢܐ (zaynāʾ, weapon), Classical Mandaic ࡆࡀࡉࡍࡀ (zaina, armour) and Georgian ზეინ-კალ-ი (zein-ḳal-i, armourer, metal-worker).

Doublet of գայիսոն (gayison).

Noun

զէն • (zēn)

  1. arm, weapon; armament, armour, munition, harness
    զէն եւ զարդzēn ew zardarmour, arming
    զէն ի ձեռինzēn i jeṙinin arms; armed, bearing arms
    զինու զօրութեամբzinu zōrutʻeambwith arms; by main strength
    զէնս կրելzēns krelto carry, to bear arms
    ի զէն գնալ, ընթանալ, դառնալ, զէն առնուլ, զգենուլ, ի վեր առնուլ, ի զէն վառիլi zēn gnal, əntʻanal, daṙnal, zēn aṙnul, zgenul, i ver aṙnul, i zēn vaṙilto fly to arms, to buckle on one's armour, to take up arms, to arm oneself
    զէն առնուլ ընդդէմzēn aṙnul ənddēmto bear arms against
    ի զէն վառելi zēn vaṙelto put under arms
    ի բաց թողուլ զզէնսi bacʻ tʻołul zzēnsto lay down one's arms
    հրաման կրելոյ զէնսhraman kreloy zēnslicense to shoot
    հրաթափ զէնքhratʻapʻ zēnkʻfire arms, guns, muskets, rifles
    հատու զէնքhatu zēnkʻside arms, weapons, cutting, edge
    վառեալ ի զէն եւ ի զարդvaṙeal i zēn ew i zardarmed from head to foot
    առաջին փորձ զինուցaṙaǰin pʻorj zinucʻone's first passage in arms
    այր զինուayr zinuman at arms
    ազգ կիրթ ի հրահանգս զինուցazg kirtʻ i hrahangs zinucʻa nation inured to war
    ի զէ՛ն, ի զէ՛նi zḗn, i zḗnto arms!
    զէն ի վե՛ր, յառա՛ջ, զէն ի վա՛յրzēn i vér, yaṙáǰ, zēn i váyrcarry, present, ground arms!
    կազմ ի զէ՛նkazm i zḗnready!
    զէն կալէ՛ք, զէն առէ՛ք, զէն ի ձե՛ռսzēn kalḗkʻ, zēn aṙḗkʻ, zēn i jéṙssupport arms!
    սպանանել զինուքspananel zinukʻto put to the sword
    ելանել ընդ զէնսelanel ənd zēnsto commit suicide
    դուլ զինուցdul zinucʻa truce
    սահմանք քաջաց զէնն իւրեանցsahmankʻ kʻaǰacʻ zēnn iwreancʻthe arms of the brave decide the limits of their power
    հին զէննhin zēnn(figuratively) woman, female

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Armenian: զենք (zenkʻ)

References

  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “զէն”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “զէն”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “զէն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
  • Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 880
  • Bartholomae, Christian (1904) Altiranisches Wörterbuch [Old Iranian Dictionary] (in German), Strassburg: K. J. Trübner, columns 1650–1651
  • Nyberg, H. S. (1974) “zēn”, in A Manual of Pahlavi, Part II: Glossary, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 231
  • Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, pages 32b, 354a
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “¹zēn”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 99
  • Gharib, B. (1995) “zyn'”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 470b
  • Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004) A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols, pages 386–387
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