чукам
Bulgarian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čukati, at least partially of onomatopoeic origin. Some of the meanings may reflect an e-ablaut of ку́я (kúja, “to hew”) (dialectal) + -кам (-kam).
Verb
чу́кам • (čúkam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective чу́кна)
- (onomatopoeic) to clack, to patter
- (intransitive) to knock, to tap, to clap
- чу́кам на врата́та
- čúkam na vratáta
- to knock on the door
- (intransitive) to strike, to hew, to smite
- чу́кам с чук
- čúkam s čuk
- to smite with a hammer
- (transitive) to hammer, to drive in
- (reflexive with се, slang) to have intercourse
Conjugation
Conjugation of чу́кам (conjugation 3, imperfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | чу́кащ čúkašt |
чу́кал, чука́л1 čúkal, čukál1 |
чу́кал čúkal |
— | чу́кайки čúkajki | |
| definite subject form | чу́кащият čúkaštijat |
чу́калият, чука́лият1 čúkalijat, čukálijat1 |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | чу́кащия čúkaštija |
чу́калия, чука́лия1 čúkalija, čukálija1 |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | чу́каща čúkašta |
чу́кала, чука́ла1 čúkala, čukála1 |
чу́кала čúkala |
— | ||
| definite | чу́кащата čúkaštata |
чу́калата, чука́лата1 čúkalata, čukálata1 |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | чу́кащо čúkašto |
чу́кало, чука́ло1 čúkalo, čukálo1 |
чу́кало čúkalo |
— | чу́кане čúkane | |
| definite | чу́кащото čúkaštoto |
чу́калото, чука́лото1 čúkaloto, čukáloto1 |
— | — | чу́кането čúkaneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | чу́кащи čúkašti |
чу́кали, чука́ли1 čúkali, čukáli1 |
чу́кали čúkali |
— | чу́кания, чу́канета čúkanija, čúkaneta | |
| definite | чу́кащите čúkaštite |
чу́калите, чука́лите1 čúkalite, čukálite1 |
— | — | чу́канията, чу́канетата čúkanijata, čúkanetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | чу́кам čúkam |
чу́каш čúkaš |
чу́ка čúka |
чу́каме čúkame |
чу́кате čúkate |
чу́кат čúkat | |
| imperfect | чу́ках čúkah |
чу́каше čúkaše |
чу́каше čúkaše |
чу́кахме čúkahme |
чу́кахте čúkahte |
чу́каха čúkaha | |
| aorist | чу́ках, чука́х1 čúkah, čukáh1 |
чу́ка, чука́1 čúka, čuká1 |
чу́ка, чука́1 čúka, čuká1 |
чу́кахме, чука́хме1 čúkahme, čukáhme1 |
чу́кахте, чука́хте1 čúkahte, čukáhte1 |
чу́каха, чука́ха1 čúkaha, čukáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and чу́кал m, чу́кала f, чу́кало n, or чу́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and чу́кал m, чу́кала f, чу́кало n, or чу́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and чу́кал m, чу́кала f, чу́кало n, or чу́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| чу́кай čúkaj |
чу́кайте čúkajte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Conjugation of чу́кам (conjugation 3, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | чу́кащ čúkašt |
чу́кал, чука́л1 čúkal, čukál1 |
чу́кал čúkal |
чу́кан čúkan |
чу́кайки čúkajki | |
| definite subject form | чу́кащият čúkaštijat |
чу́калият, чука́лият1 čúkalijat, čukálijat1 |
— | чу́каният čúkanijat | |||
| definite object form | чу́кащия čúkaštija |
чу́калия, чука́лия1 čúkalija, čukálija1 |
— | чу́кания čúkanija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | чу́каща čúkašta |
чу́кала, чука́ла1 čúkala, čukála1 |
чу́кала čúkala |
чу́кана čúkana | ||
| definite | чу́кащата čúkaštata |
чу́калата, чука́лата1 čúkalata, čukálata1 |
— | чу́каната čúkanata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | чу́кащо čúkašto |
чу́кало, чука́ло1 čúkalo, čukálo1 |
чу́кало čúkalo |
чу́кано čúkano |
чу́кане čúkane | |
| definite | чу́кащото čúkaštoto |
чу́калото, чука́лото1 čúkaloto, čukáloto1 |
— | чу́каното čúkanoto |
чу́кането čúkaneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | чу́кащи čúkašti |
чу́кали, чука́ли1 čúkali, čukáli1 |
чу́кали čúkali |
чу́кани čúkani |
чу́кания, чу́канета čúkanija, čúkaneta | |
| definite | чу́кащите čúkaštite |
чу́калите, чука́лите1 čúkalite, čukálite1 |
— | чу́каните čúkanite |
чу́канията, чу́канетата čúkanijata, čúkanetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | чу́кам čúkam |
чу́каш čúkaš |
чу́ка čúka |
чу́каме čúkame |
чу́кате čúkate |
чу́кат čúkat | |
| imperfect | чу́ках čúkah |
чу́каше čúkaše |
чу́каше čúkaše |
чу́кахме čúkahme |
чу́кахте čúkahte |
чу́каха čúkaha | |
| aorist | чу́ках, чука́х1 čúkah, čukáh1 |
чу́ка, чука́1 čúka, čuká1 |
чу́ка, чука́1 čúka, čuká1 |
чу́кахме, чука́хме1 čúkahme, čukáhme1 |
чу́кахте, чука́хте1 čúkahte, čukáhte1 |
чу́каха, чука́ха1 čúkaha, čukáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and чу́кал m, чу́кала f, чу́кало n, or чу́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and чу́кал m, чу́кала f, чу́кало n, or чу́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and чу́кал m, чу́кала f, чу́кало n, or чу́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and чу́кал/чука́л1 m, чу́кала/чука́ла1 f, чу́кало/чука́ло1 n, or чу́кали/чука́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| чу́кай čúkaj |
чу́кайте čúkajte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
- чу́квам (čúkvam) (semelfactive)
- вчу́кам pf (včúkam), вчу́квам impf (včúkvam)
- дочу́кам pf (dočúkam), дочу́квам impf (dočúkvam)
- зачу́кам pf (začúkam), зачу́квам impf (začúkvam)
- изчу́кам pf (izčúkam), изчу́квам impf (izčúkvam)
- начу́кам pf (načúkam), начу́квам impf (načúkvam)
- очу́кам pf (očúkam), очу́квам impf (očúkvam)
- почу́кам pf (počúkam), почу́квам impf (počúkvam)
- пречу́кам pf (prečúkam), пречу́квам impf (prečúkvam)
- разчу́кам се pf (razčúkam se), разчу́квам се impf (razčúkvam se)
- счу́кам pf (sčúkam), счу́квам impf (sčúkvam, “to crush”)
- чу́кан (čúkan), чука́ло (čukálo) (instrumental nouns)
Related terms
- чук (čuk, “hammer, mallet”)
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